山东埕口盐场海欣分场卤虫种群生态调查  

Artemia population in Haixin Division of Chengkou saltworks,Shandong Province of East China:Ecological investigation

作　　者：王婧[1] 隋丽英[1] 贺华[1] 刘文岭[1] 高德涛 张荣岐 孙传伟 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学,天津市海洋资源与化学重点实验室,天津300457 [2]山东埕口盐化集团,山东无棣251907

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2012年第11期2848-2854,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：科技部国际科技合作计划项目(2010DFA32300);天津市科委国际科技合作项目(09ZCGHHZ01200);天津市海洋资源与化学重点实验室(天津科技大学)开放基金项目(201003)资助

摘　　要：卤虫在盐田生态系统的生物调控中起着重要作用。为探讨盐田生态环境对卤虫种群的影响,选取盐度由低到高的盐池6个,采用连续定点取样、现场测量及实验室分析相结合的方法,对相关生态因子进行了调查。结果表明:卤水温度随季节变化而变化,且随卤水盐度升高而小幅增加;pH随卤水盐度升高而略有降低;卤水中叶绿素a含量与自然海水相比普遍较低(<0.3"g·L-1);总氮和总磷浓度随卤水盐度的增加而显著升高,且较低盐度下氮为限制性元素,而较高盐度下磷为限制性元素;卤虫种群密度随卤水温度和盐度的变化而变化,在较低盐度(7～12°Bé)和较高温度(6-8月)下卤虫种群密度较高。分析雌雄卤虫性比表明:埕口盐场为孤雌和两性生殖卤虫混合种群,盐度和温度对孤雌和两性生殖卤虫种群密度均有一定影响;春夏季和低盐度环境下孤雌品系卤虫种群占绝对优势,而在秋季和较高盐度下两性生殖种群卤虫种群逐渐占据优势。Artemia plays an important role in the biological management of saltworks ecosystem.To approach the effects of the ecological environment of saltworks on the dynamics of Artemia population,six salt ponds with different salinity in Haixin Division of Chengkou saltworks,Shandong Province were chosen,and the related ecological factors were investigated by means of monthly sampling,on-site measuring,and laboratory analysis.It was observed that the brine temperature varied with seasons,and slightly increased with increasing salinity.The brine pH slightly decreased with increasing salinity.In general,the chlorophyll a content in the brine was lower（0.3 μg·L-1）,as compared to that in normal seawater.The total nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations in the brine increased with increasing salinity,and the nitrogen was the restrictive element for phytoplankton growth in lower salinity ponds whilst the phosphorous became the limiting factor in higher salinity ponds.The density of Artemia population varied with the brine temperature and salinity,being higher at higher temperature（from June to August） and lower salinity（7-12 °Bé）.The analysis of the sex ratio of female and male Artemia indicated that in the Chengkou saltworks,there existed mixed Artemia populations of both parthenogenetic and bisexual.The density of the populations was affected by salinity and temperature,i.e.,parthenogenetic population was predominantly existed in lower salinity salt ponds and in spring and summer,whilst the bisexual population became majority in higher salinity salt ponds and in autumn.

关 键 词：卤虫 种群组成 雌雄性比 盐度 温度 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]