青少年中长跑运动员湿热环境习服汗流失与汗离子的变化  

Change of Sweat Rate and Sweat Ion in Adolescent Middle-Long-Distance Race Athletes during Humid Heat Acclimation

作　　者：许弟群[1,2] 王人卫[1] 李国强[1] 吴卫兵[1] 李合[1] 赵璨[1] 陈千红[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海200438 [2]漳州师范学院体育系,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2012年第6期14-18,56,共6页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：上海市科委攻关项目(10490503600);省部共建教育部重点实验室项目;上海体育学院研究生创新基金(yjscx2012012)

摘　　要：目的:探讨积极湿热环境习服机体汗流失及其有关离子的变化。方法:8名男性中长跑运动员(年龄16.59±1.38岁,体脂率18.34%±5.77%,最大耗氧量57.12±2.12mL/kg/min)要求习服前1天在33℃、RH80%环境房内热暴露60min,随后连续9天,每天在环境房内热身5min后完成3次、每次15min以40%VO2max负荷强度蹬骑功率自行车,次间休息5min。记录每天运动前后心率、核心温度和体重,在积极习服的第1、5、9天,检测汗钠、钾、氯离子浓度,评估离子流失总量。结果:积极习服初末期比较运动终止即刻心率下降10bpm(P<0.05)、核心温度下降0.28℃(P<0.05),总出汗率和单位面积出汗率约增加42%(P<0.05),汗钠、氯离子浓度分别下降31%、32%(P<0.05);钾离子浓度及上述3种离子总量未见显著性差异(P>0.05),3种离子总量流失均先增加后下降。结论:运动员湿热环境积极热适应9天后,机体成功习服,习服增强了机体汗腺功能,汗离子流失总量趋势变化在不同的习服阶段不同。Objective：The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of sweat rate and sweat ion in humans during active heat acclimation. Methods： 8 male participations （16.59 4 1.38yrs, 18. 34% ±5. 77% body fat, 57. 12± 2. 12mL/kg/min VOzmax） were asked to heat expose in a hot （33 ℃, 80 % relative humidity） environment for 60 minutes on the first day and then in the following 9 consecutive days, they were asked to cycle at 40% of their VOz max workload for 15 minutes every time with three times in 60 minutes and rest for 5 mi- nutes between intervals. Heart rate, core temperature and whole-body sweat rate were meas- ured in the following 9 days. Sweat ion, unit area sweat rate and sweat ion loss were measured or estimated in the day 1,5,9 of active heat acclimation. Results ： The mean heart rate and core temperature were significantly decreased（P〈0.05） by 10 beats/min and 0.28℃, respective- ly, and whole-body sweat rate and unit area sweat rate were increased（P〈0.05） about 42 % following heat acclimation. The mean Na＋ and C1- concentration were significantly decreased （P〈0.05） around 31 and 32 % respectively at the same time. K＋ concentration and was no significant change（P〉0.05）. The trend of the amount of sweat loss of Na~ , CI , K~ were increased in early days then decreased in later days but no significance（P〉0.05）in heat accli- mation. Conclusion ： The current study was successful in conferring heat acclimation. It suggests that heat acclimation improve sweat gland function and sweat ion loss change differ in different stage of heat acclimation.

关 键 词：核心温度 出汗率 汗离子 热习服 中长跑 青少年 运动员 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学]