阳春砂仁果实和根挥发油成分比较  

Comparison of Chemical Constituents in Essential Oil from Fruit and Roots of Amomum villosum

作　　者：许文学[1] 邢学锋[1] 陈飞龙[1] 李学应 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学中医药学院,广州510515 [2]阳春市中医院,广东阳春529600

出　　处：《中国药房》2012年第43期4084-4086,共3页China Pharmacy

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2009B030801225)

摘　　要：目的:比较阳春砂仁果实和根挥发油化学成分的差异。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取砂仁果实和根中挥发油,用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对挥发油成分进行分析。色谱柱为DB-5MS(30m×250μm×0.25μm),载气为氦气,流速为1.0mL·min-1,程序升温;分流模式进样,分流比为10∶1,进样口温度为250℃,离子源温度为230℃,四极杆温度为150℃,电离方式为电轰击电离(EI),电子能量为70eV,质量扫描范围为30～550amu。结果:从砂仁果实挥发油中共鉴定出30种成分,其中樟脑、乌药醇和乙酸龙脑酯含量较高;从砂仁根的挥发油中共鉴定出46种成分,其中β-蒎烯、4-萜醇、匙叶桉油烯醇、α-蒎烯含量较高。砂仁果实挥发油中检出的三环烯、α-水芹烯、水芹烯、小茴香醇、乙酸龙脑酯等成分在根的挥发油中未检出;而砂仁根的挥发油中冬青油烯、蛇麻烯、喇叭烯、花姜酮、十六烷酸等成分在果实挥发油中未检出。结论:砂仁果实和根挥发油中的成分和含量具有较大的差异,二者药理作用及临床疗效是否存在差异及共同点仍需进一步探讨。OBJECTIVE：To compare the difference of the chemical component in the essential oil from fruits and roots of Amomum villosum.METHODS：The steam distillation was used to extract the essential oil from fruits and roots of A.villosum,and then GC-MS method was used to analyze the component of volatile oil.The separation was performed on DB-5MS（30m×250 μm×0.25 μm） at the flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1 with helium as carrier gas by temperature programming.Mass spectrometer conditions were：split sampling,split ratio of 10：1,injector temperature of 250 ℃,ion source temperature of 230 ℃,quadropole temperature of 150 ℃,ionization mode：Tlectric impact ionization（EI）,electron energy of 70 eV,mass scan range：30～550 amu.RESULTS：30 components were identified in essential oil from fruits of A.villosum,among which the contents of camphor,linderenol and bornyl acetate were higher;46 components were identified from essential oil from the roots of A.villosum,among which the contents of β-pinene,4-terpene alcohol,spainulenol,α-pinene were higher.Tricyclene,α-phellandrene,phellandrene,fenchol and bornyl acetate in the essential oil from fruit were not detected in the root;sabinene,pinocarveol,ledene,zerumbone,hexadecanoic acid in the root were not detected in the fruit.CONCLUSION：The component and content are significantly different in essential oil from fruit and root of A.villosum.It should be further studied whether pharmacological effect and clinical efficacy of them have difference and similarity or not.

关 键 词：砂仁 挥发油 果实 根 气相色谱-质谱联用技术 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学] R917[医药卫生—中医学]