条件联结觉察在评价性条件反射中的作用  

The Role of Contingency Awareness in Evaluative Conditioning

作　　者：刘爱萍[1,2] 李琦[3] 罗劲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所心理健康院重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]中国科学院心理研究所行为科学重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2012年第11期1779-1786,共8页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：中国科学院心理研究所青年科学基金(Y1CX242005)资助

摘　　要：评价性条件反射(Evaluative Conditioning,EC)指通过将一个中性刺激和一个情绪性刺激重复配对,使中性刺激获得情绪性刺激的情感性评价。条件联结觉察(Contingency Awareness)指被试觉察到中性刺激和情绪性刺激的配对规律。当前,条件联结觉察在EC中的作用尚存争议。一些研究证明,条件联结觉察独立于EC,甚至阻碍了EC;另一些研究则表明,条件联结觉察促进EC的发生;还有些研究发现条件联结觉察在EC中的作用受其他变量的调节。因此,在将来的研究中,需发展出更准确的觉察测量、检验其他变量的调节作用、加强多感觉通道的EC研究、探索EC的加工机制。Evaluative Conditioning （EC） refers to the transformation of affect from a positive or negative stimulus （US） to a neutral stimulus （CS） as the result of paring US with CS repeatedly. Contingency awareness refers to the knowledge of the paring rules between US and CS, and its effect on EC are still controversial. Some findings claim that contingency awareness is independent of EC, and even impede EC. However, some studies show that contingency awareness facilitates the occurrence of EC; at the same time, some findings find that the function of contingency awareness acting on EC is mediated by other variables. On the basis of all the evidences, we propose some new directions of the future research in this field including developing more accurate measurement of contingency awareness, verifying the accommodation of other variables, strengthening multi-modal studies, and exploring the processing mechanism.

关 键 词：评价性条件反射 条件联结觉察 反EC效应 身份觉察 效价觉察 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]