石油污染包气带中降解微生物的分布特性  

Characteristics of Degrading Microorganism Distribution in Polluted Soil with Petroleum Hydrocarbons

作　　者：李广贺[1] 张旭[1] 黄巍[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084 [2]英国谢菲尔德大学土木与结构工程系

出　　处：《环境科学》2000年第4期61-64,共4页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!项目 ( 4 9972 0 82 ) ;环境模拟与污染控制国家联合实验室基金!项目 ;编号 :970 3

摘　　要：包气带土层系统中油类污染物的性质和降解微生物的分布特性是影响污染物自然衰减和污染包气带强化生物治理的重要自然和生物学因素 .对淄河滩油污土层的石油类污染物的含量、污染物质组成的分析 ,以及微生物的分离和培养的研究结果表明 ,饱和烷烃、环烷烃和多环芳烃构成淄河滩油污土层中主要烃类污染组分 ,其含量高达 90～ 2 0 0 g· kg- 1干土 .淄河滩石油污染土层中降解菌主要为好氧异养菌 ,菌群数量高达 1 0 6～ 1 0 7个· g- 1干土 .为包气带土层石油类污染物的自然衰减和净化提供了良好的生物条件 .Properties of the hydrocarbon contaminants and distribution of the degrading microbes are significant factors influencing the natural attenuation of the pollutants and the enhanced bioremediation of the polluted soil.Through the analysis of the concentration and compounds of the hydrocarbon contaminants,as well as the culture and the isolation of the microbes in the polluted soil,the results indicate that the soil was polluted with petroleum hydrocarbons at concentrations up to 200 g·kg-1 dry soil,and the petrochemicals in polluted soil at Zihe valley mainly were saturated alkanes,PAHs and cycloalkanes.Total number of the degrading microbes in polluted soil reached 2.9×107 microbial cells·g-1 dry soil,and aerobic degrding bacteria concentrations of 106～107 cells·g-1 dry soil at different layers of the soil,which provides favourable circumstance for the natural attenuation and bioremediation of the petroleum hydrocarbons in polluted soil of the valley.

关 键 词：淄河滩 石油污染 包气带 降解微生物 土壤监测 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X833