现代汉语句式意义的实现  

The Realization of Sentence Constructions’ Meanings in Modern Chinese

作　　者：张豫峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中国语言文学研究所,上海200433

出　　处：《河南大学学报（社会科学版）》2012年第6期107-112,共6页Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences）

摘　　要：现代汉语句式是语法研究的终极目标。以往很多语法研究者从句法意义、语义意义、语用表达、语气和固定词语等角度来命名和归类不同的句式,这些研究只是从某个角度或某个侧面对句式的一种概括和综合。在凝固的句式中,句式具有四个语义特征:(1)构句成分组成的某种句法语义结构;(2)构句成分的排列次序和句中动词的意义表达;(3)句中副词和某些虚词的衔接意义表达;(4)句中语用成分的意义表达。句式及其构句成分之间具有相互制约的作用力。同时,句式意义的实现都要经过句式的语义角色与句式动词论元成分相融合的过程,在这个融合过程中,动词论元成分会出现合并(merge)、删减(cut)、遮蔽(shade)、增添(contribute)等情况。从现代汉语歧义句的表达来看,句式意义实现的机制是基于各种模块的典型句式以不同的方式相互连接、套合,形成表意更为丰富的句式的结果。The research of sentence constructions in Modern Chinese is the ultimate goal of the Modern Chinese grammar study. In past, many grammar researchers named and classified different sentence constructions by various perspectives such as syntactical meaning, semantical meaning, pragmatical expressions, tone and fixed words. However, we think that it just does some generalization and synthesization of sentence constructions from one angle or one side. Based on the research of the formers, this paper describes four form features belonged to the sentence constructions and puts forward that there is mutually conditioned interaction force between the sentence construction and its sentence structural compositions; Meanwhile, the paper brings forward that the realization of sentence constructions’meanings have to go through the process of mutual integration between the semantical roles of sentence constructions and the verb argument components in sentences. In this integration process, the verb argument components will appear merged, cut, shade, contributed and so on. At last, combined with the Ambiguous Sentences in Modern Chinese, this paper describes briefly that the realization mechanism of sentence constructions’ meanings results from the fact that typical sentence constructions founded on diverse modules mutually connect,lap and then form sentence constructions with more rich meanings.

关 键 词：句式意义 构句成分 论元成分 语义角色 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]