中日两国敬语的特点与异同比较  

A Comparative Study of Characteristics,Similarities and Differences in Honorifics between China and Japan

作　　者：曹春玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学外国语学院,海南海口571158

出　　处：《海南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2012年第7期97-102,共6页Journal of Hainan Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：海南师范大学2012年度院级重点学科项目"日语语言文学";编号:00203030901304

摘　　要：中日两国敬语的使用从分类、表达形式和使用范围方面比较,各有特点。差异主要是日语敬语不仅有固定的语言表达形式和语法体系,而且根据说话人和听话人的上下关系、语言表达形式均有复杂的变化。汉语敬语没有特定的语法要求和体系,主要以表示敬意的接头词接续名词和动词"请"接续谓语的表达形式较多,如感谢语、道歉语和寒暄语这样优雅礼貌的语言表达形式被广泛地使用。Honorifics in Chinese and Japanese have their own features in terms of classification, expression modes and ranges of application, whose main differences lie in the fact that Japanese honorifics not only have their fixed expression modes and grammatical system but also undergo complex changes in their expression modes in line with the relationship between the speaker and the hearer; whereas it is not the case in Chinese honorifics. In the Chinese language, honorifics are mainly expressed by adding honorific prefixes to nouns and by preceding the predicate with ＂please＂, as is evident in the wide use of such courteous expression modes as words of thanks, words of apology and phatic words.

关 键 词：汉语敬语 日语敬语 日语教育 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]