太阳能蒸汽爆破和微波预处理对玉米秸秆产沼气的影响  

Effects of pretreatments with steam-explosion using solar energy and microwave irradiation on biogas production of corn stalk

作　　者：刘伟伟[1] 马欢[2] 曹成茂[1] 杨智良[1] 赵敏晖 孔晓玲[1] 胡晓辰[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学工学院,合肥230036 [2]安徽农业大学生命科学学院,合肥230036 [3]云南天际旭能新能源科技有限公司,昆明650051

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2012年第22期227-234,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：安徽省2010年度第二批科技计划项目(10140702024);安徽省2011年度第二批科技计划项目(11010402100)

摘　　要：为提高秸秆沼气工程效率,该文以玉米秸秆为原料,分别采用太阳能蒸汽爆破和微波辐射2种方法对其进行预处理,考察中温(35℃)条件下2种预处理方法的产沼气效果。试验结果表明:在接种量200g、发酵温度35℃、启动负荷22.6g/L(以总固体TS计)的试验条件下,2种方法均可破坏玉米秸秆原有刚性结构,使其易与厌氧微生物接触而被降解,其纤维素、半纤维素、木质素含量分别降低7.82%、50.56%、36.33%和20.13%、20.97%、54.03%;2种方法预处理后玉米秸秆沼气发酵TS(总固体)产气率分别达到239.89和281.45mL/g,VS(挥发性固体)产气率分别达到296.02和332.28mL/g,日均产气量分别达到320和334mL(分别高于对照15.11%和20.14%),同时料液滞留时间比对照分别减少42.11%和31.58%。该研究为秸秆预处理及提高秸秆沼气工程发酵效率提供了参考。To improve the biogas production efficiency, steam-explosion using solar energy and microwave irradiation were employed as pretreatments for corn stalks in this study. The effects of two pretreatments on biogas production were investigated at 35℃ fermentation temperature. The results showed that with the inoculum of 200 g, fermentation temperature of 35℃ andorganic loading rate of 22.6 g/L, two pretreatments could disrupt the rigid structure of corn stalks, which make them expose more accessible surface area of substrate to anaerobic microorganism. The content of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin of corn stalks pretreated by solar energy steam-explosion and microwave irradiation were reduced by 7.82%, 50.56%, 36.33% and 20.13%, 20.97%, 54.03%, respectively. The total solid （TS） biogas production rate of two pretreated samples were reach to 239.89 and 281.45 mL/g, while the VS （volatile solids） rate were 296.02 and 332.28 mL/g, respectively with solar energy steam-explosion and microwave irradiation pretreatment. Moreover, compared with the control, the average daily biogas yields of two pretreated samples were 320 and 334 mL, which were increased by 15.11% and 20.14%, and the hydraulic retention time （HRT） was decreased by 42.11% and 31.58%. The present work provides a reference for the crop stalks pretreatment and improving the efficiency of biogas plant.

关 键 词：秸秆 微波辐射 太阳能 蒸汽爆破 玉米 沼气工程 效率 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]