小儿难治性癫痫的研究进展  

Progress in diagnosis and treatment for pediatric intractable epilepsy

作　　者：刘晓燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院儿科,北京100034

出　　处：《第三军医大学学报》2012年第22期2240-2243,共4页Journal of Third Military Medical University

摘　　要：据调查,我国癫痫的患病率约为7‰,据此推算全国有大约900万癫痫患者,其中大多数在儿童期起病。多数癫痫患者经过正规的抗癫痫药物（antiepileptic drug,AED）治疗,最终可获得良好的预后,包括发作消失和具有正常的社会适应能力。但有20%～30%的癫痫患者经过长期药物治疗仍不能控制发作,称为＂药物难治性癫痫（pharmacoresistant epilepsy）＂。The pathogenesis of pediatric refractory epilepsy involves a variety of factors,including hereditary predisposing genes,abnormal neural network forms,drug resistance genes,autoimmune mechanisms,etc.Refractory epilepsy in developing children often has evolution in seizure types,EEG characteristics,course of disease and prognosis.The response to antiepileptic drugs（AEDs） is not only dependent on the seizure types,but also related to the epileptic mechanisms and syndrome types.In addition to AEDs treatment,nonconventional therapies are often needed,such as corticosteroids,intravenous immunoglobulin（IVIG）,ketogenic diet,epileptic surgery and vagus nerve stimulation.Because of the variation and indeterminateness in seizure types,the syndrome types and localization of seizure onset in epileptic encephalopathy is very important for cautiously selecting indications and carrying out sufficient preoperative evaluation for epileptic surgery treatment.

关 键 词：难治性癫痫 诊断 治疗 抗癫痫药物 癫痫外科 生酮饮食 儿童 

分 类 号：R742.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R748[医药卫生—临床医学]