“要不是P,就Q”的语用条件  

Pragmatic Conditions of "YaobushiP,jiuQ"

作　　者：徐燕青[1] 

机构地区：[1]莆田学院中文系,福建莆田351100

出　　处：《汉语学习》2012年第6期21-31,共11页Chinese Language Learning

摘　　要："要不是P,就Q"的语用条件可以从语用意图、信息类型、使用语境等方面分析。从语用意图看,该句式常用于表达"庆幸"(或兼"感谢")、"惋惜"、"责怪"这几种心理;从信息传递的类型看,"要不是P"和Q大多数都是可推断信息,只有少数属于未知信息,个别属于半可推断信息;从使用语境看,总体上,上文与句式间存在着转折、因果、顺承和解说四种语义关系类型。该句式语用条件各因素内部存在着明显的频率差异。本文试图对其成因以及一些相关现象作出解释。This paper studies on the pragmatic conditions of ＂yaobushiP,fiuQ＂.On pragmatic purpose,these sentences are usually used to express the mentality of ＂lucky＂（or ＂acknowledgment＂） and ＂regret＂,＂blame＂.On the delivery type of the information,sentences of ＂yaobushi P,jiuQ＂ are all the information can be inferred. On the using context,there are four semantic relations,which is turning,cause and effect,connection and explanation,between the sentence above and sentences of ＂ P,jiuQ＂ on the whole. However,there is some obvious frequency difference among interior factors of all kinds of pragmatic conditions. The article tries to explain to its causes and some relevant phenomenon.

关 键 词：“要不是P 就Q” 语用意图 信息类型 语义关系 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]