芝麻成株期茎点枯病原菌致病性研究  

The Study on Pathogenicity of Macrophomina phaseolina in Mature Plant Tissues of Sesame

作　　者：黎冬华[1] 张艳欣[1] 王林海[1] 吕海霞[1] 危文亮[1] 齐小琼[1] 丁霞[1] 张秀荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农科院油料作物研究所/农业部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点开放实验室,武汉430062

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2012年第30期226-230,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：农业部油料作物生物学重点开放实验室开放课题"中国芝麻主要病害病原菌的分化"(201015);国家青年科学基金"芝麻茎点枯病抗性全基因组关联分析及有效分子标记研究"(30900905)

摘　　要：通过对芝麻成株期茎点枯病病原菌的致病性进行研究,从而为芝麻种质资源的抗病性鉴定,发掘抗源,加快抗病育种进程提供技术方法。对感茎点枯病芝麻植株进行病原菌分离纯化及鉴定获得具有高致病力的病原菌株Macrophomina phaseolina,再进行芝麻成株期致病性鉴定,并对感病植株进行病原菌再分离及鉴定。对分离纯化的病原真菌进行表型及分子鉴定,从而确定该病原真菌为M.phaseolina,对该类型病原菌进行芝麻芽期致病力接种鉴定并选取致病力高的菌株用于芝麻成株期致病力接种鉴定。在接种后的成株期芝麻茎杆内,M.phaseolina会导致维管束组织形成一个由上往下逐渐坏死的棕黑色条纹,随后开始呈放射性收缩并坏死并逐渐扩大,所有病原菌接种的茎杆上都出现大量的菌核。对所有接种病原菌的植株感病茎杆进行病原真菌再分离纯化及鉴定,确定再次获得的病原真菌仍为M.phaseolina。芝麻茎点枯病病原菌的分离鉴定、致病性鉴定以及病原菌再分离结果都符合科赫法则,为芝麻茎点枯病相关研究提供方法支持。： This study investigated the pathogenicity of Maerophomina phaseolina pathogen in mature sesame,in order to provid technology and method for evaluation of sesame germplasm resistance, identification of resistant germplasm, and proceed resistant breeding. The pathogen causing sesame charcoal rot were collected,isolated, purified and identified （including phenotype analysis, molecular characterization and pathogenicityidentification in the sprouting stage）, and the M. phaseolina with strong pathogenicity was obtained in this study. Then the M. phaseolina pathogen was evaluated in the inoculated tissues of mature plants with infectingtoothpick pieces. In sesame stems, M. phaseolina caused brown-black necrotic streaks along vascular tissues, and then the streaks began to shrink radioactively and undergo local necrosis. Finally, M. phaseolina causedextensive necrosis. The quantity of sclerotiums was found in all of the stems inoculated with pathogenic bacteria. All isolates from the inoculated stems were grown in pure culture again, and were confirmed as of M.phaseolina. These results of isolated, identified and re-isolated of M. phaseolina pathogen fulfilled Koch＇ s postulates. These findings provided an important method foundation for sesame resistance research.

关 键 词：芝麻 Macrophomina phaseolina 成株期 致病性 

分 类 号：S435.653[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]