腐殖酸肥对烤后烟叶内在品质的影响  

Effects of Humic Acid Fertilizer on Internal Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：敖金成 王俊科 罗华元 郑武 张晓龙 

机构地区：[1]云南瑞升烟草技术(集团)有限公司,昆明650106 [2]红云红河烟草(集团)有限公司,昆明650202

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2012年第11期101-107,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：云南中烟工业公司科技项目(2008YL07;2010YL01-2)

摘　　要：通过大田试验和化学分析,研究腐殖酸生物有机肥等氮替代烟用复合肥对烤后烟叶常规化学及中性致香物质含量的影响。结果表明,随腐殖酸等氮替代比例的增加,B2F和C3F等级烟叶总糖(TS)、还原糖(RS)、糖碱比(TS/NIC)和氮碱比(N/NIC)表现为增加趋势,烟碱(NIC)含量呈降低趋势,以30%～50%等氮替代量效果较为明显,但初烤烟叶燃烧性稍差,栽培中须合理增施钾肥;在所测定的64种中性致香物质中,除B2F和C3F等级烟叶的棕色化反应物含量随等氮替代量的增加变化规律不明显外,质体色素、苯丙氨酸类、类西柏烷类降解物及总致香物质含量基本表现为先升后降的趋势,各项指标均以50%腐殖酸等氮替代量效果最佳。以上结果说明,在烤烟NC102栽培管理上,通过增施腐殖酸生物有机肥,减施化学肥料,可有效提高烟叶内在品质。Field experiments and chemical analysis were carried out to study the effects of humic acid fertilizer on internal quality of flue-cured tobacco. Results showed that. （i） total sugar （TS） ,reducing sugar （RS）, total sugar/nicotine （TS/NIC）, nitrogen/nicotine （N/NIC） TS, RS, TS/NIC, N/NIC increased in B2 F and C3 F grade tobacco leaves with humic acids nitrogen replacement ratio increasing, contents of nicotine decreased, the replacement ratio of 30 %--50 % has a greater impact on flue-cured tobacco coordination, but tobacco leaves combustibility was slightly worse, so we should reasonably increase potassium in cultivation~ （ii） in the 64 kinds of determinated neutral aroma products, not ob- vious change was detected in the content of browning reaction products, but products of plastid pig- ment catabolites, aromatic amino acids, cembrane degradation products and total neutral aroma sub- stances increased markedly at first and then decreased with the increasing of humic acids nitrogen re- placement ratio, the best effect was obtained in 50% humic acid nitrogen substitution. These sugges- ted that in the cultivation and management of flue-cured tobacco NC102, increasing humic acid fertiliz- er and reducing conventional fertilizers could improve the internal quality of tobacco leaves.

关 键 词：质体色素 等氮替代 协调性 中性致香物质 减焦降害 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]