不同酸度下外源铝对茶叶铝含量及品质的影响  

Effects of aluminum from fertilization on qualities and aluminum contents of tea under different pH levels in South Shaanxi Province

作　　者：马小雪[1] 肖斌[1] 闫列娟[1] 索罗丹[1] 高婷[1] 肖霄[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第11期187-191,196,共6页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家农业部茶叶产业技术体系项目(CARS-23)

摘　　要：【目的】研究土壤pH值及铝含量对茶叶铝含量及茶叶品质的影响,初步确定可改善茶叶品质的施铝量和施铝方法。【方法】以"蜀永906"为试材,采用盆栽试验,通过根施和喷施2种方法(根施铝量分别为0,0.5,1.0,和2.0g/kg,叶面喷施铝质量浓度设为0,2.5,5.0和10.0g/L)加入不同浓度梯度外源铝,并加入硫磺(0,0.32,0.64g/kg)调节土壤酸度,测定茶叶中铝含量及茶多酚、咖啡碱、氨基酸的质量分数。【结果】在同一酸度下,根施外源铝可不同程度提高茶叶中铝含量与茶多酚的质量分数,并可降低茶叶中咖啡碱和氨基酸的质量分数;同时当叶面喷施外源铝质量浓度分别为2.5,5.0g/L时,咖啡碱和氨基酸质量分数分别达到最高,而根施外源铝在0.5g/kg时,茶多酚、氨基酸和咖啡碱的质量分数都达到最高。在同一根施外源铝处理中,土壤加入硫磺的量越多,茶叶中茶多酚、氨基酸和咖啡碱的质量分数越小。【结论】在农业生产中,从提高茶叶品质方面考虑,根施铝量以0.5g/kg为宜。而叶面喷施铝的质量浓度为2.5g/L时咖啡碱质量分数达到最大,5.0g/L时氨基酸质量分数最大。【Objective】 The presented study aimed to show effects of Al concentrations and pH of soil and on tea qualities in local area.The best Al content and adding methods were determined to improve the tea qualities.【Method】 Using ＇Shuyong 906＇ as test material,qualities and Al contents of tea leaves under different pH levels and different Al adding ways（adding in soil and spraying on tea leaves）were studied in pot experiments.The contents of Al,tea polyphenols,caffeine and free amino acids were measured.【Result】 Contents of Al and tea polyphenols were increased while the contents of caffeine and free amino acids decreased when Al was applied in soil under the same pH level.Contents of caffeine and amino acid reached to highest when 2.5 and 5.0 g/L Al were applied by spraying on leaf surface,respectively.When 0.5 g/kg Al fertilizers were applied in soil,contents of amino acid,tea polyphone and caffeine reached the highest level.The more S was added at fixed Al level,the less contents of amino acid,tea polyphenols and caffeine were measured.【Conclusion】 When Al added in soil was 0.5 g/kg,tea quality reached the best.The contents of caffeine and amino acid were the highest when spraying dosages on leaves were 2.5 g/L and 5.0 g/L,respectively.

关 键 词：茶 茶叶品质 外源铝 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]