交通事故下高速公路行车安全评估  

Traffic safety assessment of expressway in the accident

作　　者：刘俊德[1,2] 徐兵 梁永东[1] 马荣国[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064 [2]沧州市交通运输局,河北沧州061000 [3]辽宁省交通厅运输管理局,辽宁沈阳110003

出　　处：《长安大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第6期78-82,共5页Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：交通运输部西部交通建设科技项目(2011 318 820 1420);河北省沧州市科学技术局科技计划项目(10ZD138)

摘　　要：为了对高速公路交通事故条件下的行车安全作出合理评估,通过对交通事故下的变换车道行为进行分析,发现恰好满足不与前车追尾又不与后车相撞即临界条件下的变换车道行为更容易引发交通事故,故选取临界条件下的变车道行为即交通冲突作为交通事故下行车安全的评估指标;采用改进的换车道规则和NaSch模型的跟车规则进行车辆位置和速度更新,根据交通流状况采用相应的车辆到达规律,分别输入不同的大车比例和饱和度仿真参数,从而对交通事故下高速公路混合车流进行仿真。研究结果表明:不同的大车比例和饱和度下的交通冲突数反映了高速公路行车安全状态,据此将交通事故下高速公路行车安全等级划分为较危险、危险、安全、较安全4个等级;最终得出一种交通事故中车辆变换车道行为下的行车安全的评估方法。In order to make a reasonable assessment of traffic safety on the expressway in the accident,the lane changing behavior was analyzed under the condition of traffic accident.It was found that lane changing behavior just satisfied the critical condition of no rear-end with front vehicle and no collision with the rear car was more likely to lead to accidents.Therefore,the changing lane behavior under critical conditions,that is traffic conflict,was selected as road safety evaluation indicators under the condition of accidents.According to the rules of improved transfer road and following car rules of NaSch model,the vehicle location and speed were updated,the appropriate vehicle arrival law was determined by the traffic flow conditions,and simulation parameters of the carts ratio and the saturation were put in respectively,and then the mixed traffic flow of highway was simulated in the accident.The results show that the traffic conflicts under different carts ratios and saturations reflect road saftey of expressway,the highway traffic safety is classified as more dangerous,dangerous,safe,and safety.The evaluation method of traffic safety of accident has been obtained.

关 键 词：交通工程 交通事故 行车安全 元胞自动机 评估 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]