温州城市河流中多环芳烃的污染特征及其来源  

Pollution Characteristics and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Rivers of Wenzhou City

作　　者：周婕成[1] 陈振楼[1] 毕春娟[1] 吕金刚[1] 许世远[1] 潘琪 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院,地理信息科学教育部重点实验室,上海200241 [2]上海市安装工程有限公司,上海200080

出　　处：《环境科学》2012年第12期4226-4236,共11页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2009ZX07317-006);国家自然科学基金项目(40971259,40701164);上海市优秀学科带头人计划项目(10XD1401600);上海市环境保护局招标项目[XY-ZFCG(10)-053];上海市科委基础研究重点项目(10JC1404300)

摘　　要：利用气相色谱/质谱联用仪(GC/MS)对温州九山外河和山下河春夏季水体和表层沉积物中18种多环芳烃(PAHs)进行了分析.结果表明,研究河段河水和沉积物中18种PAHs含量范围为146.74～3 047.89 ng·L-1和21.01～11 990.48ng·g-1,春季水体和沉积物中的PAHs含量显著高于夏季.水体和沉积物中主要以2、3、4环的中低环PAHs为主,但沉积物中5、6环PAHs的含量相对高于水样中的含量.研究河段春季和夏季水样中EBaP值分别为1.69～51.95 ng·L-1和0～3.03ng·L-1,春季水样中有80%超过我国地表水环境质量标准中BaP的限值.春夏季沉积物中ΣPAHs含量均小于ERM限值,只有部分PAHs组分含量高于ERM值,可能会对生物产生较大的毒副作用.通过PAHs特征化合物分子比值法和主成分分析法判源,发现研究河段水体表现出石油源和燃烧源的复合来源特征,沉积物表现出燃烧源占更大比例的复合来源特征。Concentrations of 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） in water and surface sediments collected from the urban rivers of Wenzhou city in spring and summer were measured by GC-MS.The results showed that the total PAHs concentrations in water and sediments of the studied rivers varied in ranges of 146.74-3 047.89 ng·L-1 and 21.01-11 990.48 ng·g-1,respectively.Higher concentrations occurred in spring.The low and middle rings of 2-4-ring were dominant in both water and sediments,but the concentrations of 5-ring and 6-ring PAHs in sediments were relatively higher than those in water.The EBaP values of PAHs in water of the studied rivers in spring and summer were 1.69-51.95 ng·L-1 and 0-3.03 ng·L-1,respectively.Eighty percent of water samples in spring surpassed the limits of BaP in surface water of China.The concentrations of PAHs in the sediments both in spring and summer were lower than the ERM value,but part of the components of PAHs had values higher than the ERM,suggesting possible toxic effect on living organisms.Based on the PAHs molecule ratios and principal component analysis,a mixed PAHs source of petroleum and combustion in water and sediments was diagnosed,while sediments showed a greater proportion of combustion sources.

关 键 词：多环芳烃 城市河流 污染特征 污染来源 温州 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52