不同施氮量对马铃薯氮素吸收、积累及利用的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Application Rates on Nitrogen Absorption,Accumulation and Utilization

作　　者：李利[1] 

机构地区：[1]大同大学农学与生命科学学院,山西大同037009

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2012年第12期1292-1295,共4页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BADA4B02);农业部公益性行业计划项目(201103003);内蒙古农业大学马铃薯高产高效创新团队(NDPYTD2010-5)

摘　　要：通过施用不同量的氮素,对马铃薯植物氮素积累、吸收速率、块茎生产效率、氮肥利用率进行研究。结果表明,马铃薯植株内氮素的积累量随生育时期的推移逐渐增加,在淀粉积累期达到最大,之后又有降低的趋势;氮素吸收速率随生育期变化,呈现先增加后降低的趋势,在出苗后35～55 d(块茎膨大期),氮素吸收速率达到最大,之后呈降低的趋势;随着施氮量的增加,块茎生产效率、氮肥的吸收利用率和氮肥偏生产力呈现下降趋势,氮素收获指数呈现先增加后降低的趋势。氮肥的农学利用率和氮肥生理利用率均为施氮量225 kg/hm2最高。Field experiments involving six nitrogen treatments with the potato variety of Kexin 1 were conducted to study the potato nitrogen accumulation,uptake rate,tuber productivity and nitrogen use efficiency.The results showed that the nitrogen accumulation in plant increased with progress of growth stages and increased to the top at starch accumulation stages and decreased later;the nitrogen uptake rates kept changing during all growth stages.It showed an increasing trend and decreased later,and reached to the top in 35-55 days after seedling and showed a dropping trend later;along with the increasing of nitrogen application rates,tuber productivity,nitrogen uptaking rates and use efficiency partial factor productivity of applied N showed decreasing trend.N harvesting index showed a trade of first increasing and later decreasing.Both agronomic N use efficiency and physiological efficiency were the highest.

关 键 词：马铃薯 施氮量 氮素积累量 收获指数 氮肥吸收速率 氮肥利用效率 

分 类 号：S532.062[农业科学—作物学]