基于景观格局和土壤侵蚀敏感性的兰州市生态脆弱性评价  

Analysis on Ecological Vulnerability of Lanzhou Based on Landscape Pattern and Soil Erosion Sensitivity

作　　者：潘竟虎[1] 任梓菡[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730070 [2]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《土壤》2012年第6期1015-1020,共6页Soils

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41061017)资助

摘　　要：以兰州市为研究对象,选取分离度、分维倒数、破碎度3个景观格局指标和土壤侵蚀敏感性指数,构建景观类型脆弱度和区域生态脆弱度模型,利用连续覆盖全市的格网进行空间系统采样,生成生态脆弱度空间分布图,将景观格局与生态系统敏感性相结合并利用GIS技术对兰州的生态环境进行综合定量的分析和评价。结果表明:研究区草地的景观类型脆弱度最大,耕地次之,水域最小;相关分析显示,景观类型脆弱度与破碎度和土壤侵蚀敏感性之间存在着显著的正相关关系,能较好反映区域生态环境问题;区域生态环境脆弱性分区的空间分布与客观实际吻合良好。研究结果可为区域生态环境的建设提供科学依据和有益的实践指导。The ecological vulnerability of Lanzhou was assessed by using a combined landscape pattern and ecosystem sensitivity approach. The vulnerability indexes of landscapes and the suitability indexes of regional ecological environment were developed by using the reciprocal of fractal dimension （FD）, isolation （FI）, fragmentation （FN）, sensitivity of soil erosion （SW）. The network covering the whole study area was used to sample the spatial vulnerability of ecological environment, thus, the map of vulnerability distribution of the ecological environment was derived, and the spatial patterns of the vulnerability was analyzed. The results showed that： The vulnerability of various landscape types was in the order of grass land〉farmland〉unused lands〉forest land〉construction area〉water area; Significantly positive relationships existed between FN and VI （vulnerability of landscape types）, SW and VI, and they reflected the eco-environment well; There was a good agreement between the predicted and actual distribution of EV1 （ecological vulnerability index） zones. The establishment of relationships between landscape information and the regional ecological responses can offer a better way to analyze and assess regional eco-environment and therefore can offer a better guide for the ecological construction in the region,

关 键 词：生态脆弱度 景观格局 生态敏感性 兰州市 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]