西南少数民族民众乐观、社会比较与心理压力及应对方式的结构模型  

A Structural Equation Model of Optimism,Social Comparison,Psychological Stress and Coping Styles for Ethnic Minorities in Southwest China

作　　者：植凤英[1] 张进辅[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学教育科学学院,贵阳550001 [2]西南大学心理学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2012年第12期80-85,共6页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"建设和谐社会进程中西南民族心理研究"(批准号:05JJD880067);贵州省优秀科技教育人才省长资金项目"贵州民族地区青少年心理和谐及教育对策研究"[项目号:黔省专合字(2010)22号]

摘　　要：目的:构建西南少数民族乐观、社会比较与心理压力、应对方式的关系模型。方法:对1325名西南少数民族群众采用乐观问卷、社会比较问卷、少数民族心理压力问卷、少数民族应对方式问卷进行测试,并用结构方程探索和验证了各变量之间的关系模型。结果:社会比较对心理压力有显著的直接预测作用,乐观对心理压力有间接预测作用;心理压力、社会比较、乐观对消极应对有直接预测作用,同时乐观、社会比较还对消极应对有间接预测作用;心理压力是社会比较影响消极应对的中介因素,社会比较是乐观影响消极应对的中介因素;乐观对积极应对有直接预测作用。结论:乐观、社会比较与心理压力、应对方式的作用得到结构方程模型的有力支持。This study aims to build a model for the relationship between optimism, social comparison, psychological stress and coping styles from ethnic minorities in Southwest China, by means of the structural equation model, as welt as a survey of 1325 persons from ethnic minorities in Southwest China with questionnaires. The resuits show the following： Social comparison has a significant direct effect on psychological stress; optimism has an indirect effect on psychological stress; psychological stress, social comparison and optimism have a direct effect on passive coping styles; optimism and social comparison have an indirect effect on passive coping styles; psychalogical stress and social comparison play an intermediary role in the effect of social comparison and optimism on passive coping styles, respectively; and optimism has a direct effect on positive coping styles. It is concluded that the important effect of optimism, social comparison, psychological stress, and coping styles is strongly supported by the structural equation model.

关 键 词：少数民族 心理压力 应对方式 乐观 社会比较 结构方程模型 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]