再入飞行器可达区域近似算法及地面覆盖研究  

Research on Closest-Aproach of Footprint and Coverage for Reentry Vehicle

作　　者：冯必鸣 聂万胜 李柯 

机构地区：[1]装备学院,北京101416

出　　处：《航天控制》2012年第6期43-49,共7页Aerospace Control

摘　　要：在无旋圆地球假设下,利用飞行器最大纵程、最小纵程和最大横程三个典型性能指标,建立了飞行器纵程和横程之间近似椭圆分布的解析关系式,通过该关系式能够快速得到纵程和横程对应的边界曲线,并根据球面三角形将纵程和横程的对应关系转化为经纬度关系,从而得到飞行器地球表面可达区域的边界线。通过与Legendre伪谱法计算所得最优解的比较发现,在不同经纬度,以不同航向角再入后,最优化方法计算得到的边界点与解析方法计算的边界曲线分布基本一致,并仿真分析了不同弧段再入后飞行器地面可达区域的变化特点,针对顺行轨道和逆行轨道完成了再入飞行器地面覆盖范围的计算。该解析方法通过3个典型指标就能够快速计算飞行器再入可达区域,有助于飞行器着陆场快速选择和初期轨道快速设计。With the earth supposed is stationary, by considering three typical parameters, max lognitudinal range, min lognitudinal range and max transverse range, the closest-elliptical analytical form is established for the relation of lognitudinal range and transverse rang, and the boundary is ulteriorly solved. Based on the spherical trigonometry theory, the range boundary is transformed to the geographical coordinate de- scribed by longitude and latittude to get the boundary of footprint on the earth. By the comparing with the result solved by Legendre pseudo-spectral method and closest-elliptical analytical form, the boundary solved by optimal method and analytical form are basically found consilient, when the vehicle reentries in diferent locations by diferent initial heading angles. The characteristics of footprint are analyzed while the vehicle re- entries during four typiacal arcs, and the reentry coverage of the direct orbit and antidromic orbi is compu- ted. The closest-elliptical analytical method can get the closest footprint of reentry vehicle in short time, which can be a good engineering reference for landing site choosing and initial orbit design.

关 键 词：再入飞行器 可达区域 覆盖 解析式 LEGENDRE伪谱法 

分 类 号：V525[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] V556.4