权力线索  

The Power Cues

作　　者：魏秋江[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学心理学系,苏州215123

出　　处：《心理科学》2012年第6期1478-1483,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(70902056);教育部人文社科项目(09YJCZH087)资助

摘　　要：权力线索指人们判断权力所依赖的各种信息,其能预测人们的思维和行为。除以视觉刺激和听觉刺激的形式直接影响人们的权力感知外,权力线索也可利用人们对其在空间和数字上的心理表征,间接影响人们的权力判断。各种权力线索的具体效应仍存争议。学者已开始关注现有线索去伪存真、分类和标准化等问题,还从生理视角对其加以验证,并探求新的权力线索。Power cues are the internal and external stimuli that people utilize to judge the power of others and themselves. Recognizing people＇s power is the basic interaction in social and organizational life, which reduces the likelihood of conflicts within and between the groups and effectively assigns resources. Recognizing power also important to self - reinforcing and self - definition. Power cues are not only the statement of targets＇ power, but also can be used to predict people＇s minds and behaviors. Generally speaking, there are two kinds of encoding, visual and auditory, for the input information. The visual encoding includes appearance, such as the formation of face, behaviors, especially non - verbal behaviors, which always come out without consciousness but indicate peoples＇ power more exactly. The auditory encoding includes several parameters of sound, such as formant dispersion （Dr） , fundamental frequency （ F0 ） , variation in F0 , intensity, and utterance duration. Some kinds of messages are different, such as semantic content, via both ways, which connect with power based on higher level of cognition. In these three viewpoints, more cues are needed to be explored. Surprisingly, there is another odd factor, i.e. , gender. Research related to it reveals a diversity of results. So gender is more of a moderator than a definite power cue, which calls for more attention to the interaction effect. Besides, the mental representation of power, which involves mental simulation of space and can be interfered with by the perception of vertical differences, is another type of key cues that are cognitive cues of power. Scholars pay special attention to this, mostly, from the perspective of embodiment. Due to the importance of power, people try their best to be accurate targets＇of power by integrating as many varieties of cues as possible. There is still a long way to go for the systematic research of power cues, and that provides scholars with valuable challenges. By this time, when exploring new pow

关 键 词：权力线索 身份 支配力 权威 认知 

分 类 号：B84-0[哲学宗教—基础心理学]