以柠条为主要基质栽培食用菌的配方筛选研究  

Selecting Formula for Edible Fungi Using Caragana intermedia Powder as Main Cultivation Material

作　　者：刘秉儒[1] 宋乃平[1] 苏建宇[2] 贺永喜 牛瑛萍 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏大学生命科学学院,宁夏银川750021 [3]银川市农业技术推广服务中心,宁夏银川750001

出　　处：《北方园艺》2012年第24期168-170,共3页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家"十一五"科技支撑计划资助项目(2010BAE00743-03);国家重点基础研究和发展规划资助项目(2012CB723206)

摘　　要：以宁夏荒漠草原的柠条粉碎料为试材,以柠条粉占78%(A)、68%(B)和58%(C)的3种不同培养基为主料,以不添加和添加10%、20%玉米芯配制栽培料,研究了不同培养料配方对平菇、金针菇、黑木耳生物学转化率的影响,以期筛选柠条作为主要基质的适宜比例。结果表明:3种蘑菇都能够在以柠条粉为主料的培养基中正常生长并形成子实体,平菇、金针菇、黑木耳的生物学转化率分别达64.9%、62.5%和42.9%,但同种类蘑菇不同配方的生物学转化率有差别,在栽培的3种蘑菇中,生物学转化率由大到小的配方顺序均为C>B>A,而且差异显著;同时,在生物学转化率最高的C配方中,产量高低顺序是:平菇>金针菇>黑木耳。这说明在以柠条为主要基质的栽培料中添加一定比例的玉米芯,可以提高菌种的生长速度,缩短生产周期,提高生物学转化率与产量;在相同的配方中,平菇的生物学转化率显著高于其它蘑菇,因此柠条占58%、玉米芯占20%的C配方可作为最优栽培方案。.In order to provide an optimum cultivation formula for high product of three edible fungi by using Caragana intermedia powder as main cultivation material,which was accounted for 78 % （Formula A）, 68 ~ （Formula B） and 58 % （Formula C） in three different media,some parameters were analyzed for the major characters including time of mycelial growth （d）, time of first primordium appearance （d）, and weight of sporophores per plastic bag, percentage of commercial sporophores on weight basis and biological conversion rate. The results showed that the cultivation of oyster mushroom, mushroom,black fungus, could normal growth and formation of fruiting bodies, while different ratio of substrate had different effect on the agronomic traits and biological efficiency, increased corncob could increase the growth rate, and improve the biological conversion rate. Formula C resulted in the highest biological efficiency of 64. 9 %, could be used as the high yield formula for cultivation.

关 键 词：柠条粉 食用菌 基质 筛选 生物学转化率 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]