先天性近视性弱视儿童屈光度和视力观察  

Clinical observation of refractive power and visual acuity on congenital myopic amblyopic children

作　　者：符爱存[1] 叶良[2] 曹木荣[1] 吕勇[1] 李秀红[1] 尚丽娜[1] 朱豫[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院眼科,郑州450052 [2]温州医学院附属眼视光医院斜弱视专科

出　　处：《中国实用眼科杂志》2012年第12期1447-1450,共4页Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的回顾性研究先天性近视性弱视儿童的屈光度和视力变化规律。方法共收集2-9岁屈光度为-2．0D-14．0D，平均（-6．8±4．5）D的先天性近视性弱视儿童47例86只眼。根据近视等效球镜度数共分3组：-2．0D～6．0D为低中度近视组，共45只眼；-6．25D-9．0D为高度近视组，共22只眼；-9．25D～14．0D为超高度近视组，共19只眼。3±6个月散瞳验光1次，根据验光结果进行全矫配镜和弱视治疗。随访3～5年，平均（4．1±1．8）年，观察屈光度和视力的变化。结果平均每年屈光度增加：低中度近视组为0．21D、高度近视组为0．05D、超高度近视组为1．31D，三组的增加程度差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。低中度近视组和超高度近视组与矫治前相比，屈光度差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；高度近视组与矫治前相比差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。所有患者通过戴镜和弱视治疗，视力均提高。平均矫正视力（5分记录法）：低中度近视组：治疗前／后为4．45／4．92，治疗后30只眼（67％）视力达正常。高度近视组：治疗前，后为4．33／4．87，治疗后12只眼（55％）视力达正常。超高度近视组：治疗前／后为4。01／4．59，治疗后2只眼（10％）视力达正常。三组患者治疗前、后视力提高均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；其中中低度近视组视力提高最快（P〈0．05）。结论先天性近视性弱视儿童，屈光度随着年龄的增长，超高度近视组增加最快，低中度近视组次之，高度近视组基本不变。通过戴镜和弱视治疗，视力均能提高或达正常。随近视度数增加，弱视程度加重，视力提高减慢。Objective To study the change rules of refractive power and visual acuity （VA） on congenital myopic amblyopic children. Methods Forty-seven （86 eyes） patients at the age of 2-9 years old with mean refractive power of-6.8±4.5 diopter were examined every 3 to 6 months with retinoscopy after 1% atropine cyeloplegia followed up for 4.1±1.8 years （range 3 to 5 years）. It was divided into three groups based on myopic spherical equivalent. Low-moderate myopic group （-2.0D- -6.0D, 45 eyes）; high myopic group （-6.25D --9.0D, 22 eyes）; super-high myopic group （-9.25D -14.0D, 19 eyes）. The data of refractive power and VA were analyzed after wearing glasses and am- blyopia treatment according to the results of optometry. Results The increase of average annual di- opter： low-moderate myopic group was 0.21D, high myopic group was 0.05D, and super-high myo- pic group was 1.31D. There were significant difference in the annual increase of diopter among three groups （P 〈0.05）. Compared with before treatment, significant difference on the low-moderate myopia group and super-high myopia group in the diopter was found （P 〈0.05）, but no significant difference on the high myopia group （P 〉0.05）. The VA improved by wearing glasses and treatment of amblyopia for all patients. The average corrected VA （5 Points Records Act） before/after treat-ment： low-moderate myopic group： 4.45/4.92, the VA of 30 eyes （67%） achieved normal. High myo- pic group： 4.33/4.87, the VA of 12 eyes （55%） achieved normal. Super-high myopic groups： 4.01/ 4.59, the VA of 2 eyes （10%） achieved normal. There were significant differences in the increase of VA among three groups after treatment （P 〈0.05）. The VA of Low-moderate myopic group improved fastest （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions The refractive power of super-high myopic group increase fastest with aging, low-moderate myopic group increase secondly, high myopic group remain unchanged. Through wearing glasses and amblyopia treatment, VA ca

关 键 词：近视 弱视 屈光度 儿童 视力 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]