孕早期胎儿超声结构筛查的必要性探讨  

The essentiality of prenatal ultrasound screening of fetal malformations in the first trimester

作　　者：戴晨燕[1] 茹彤[1] 顾燕[1] 杨燕[1] 杨丽娟[1] 徐燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院妇产科产前诊断中心,南京210008

出　　处：《中国优生与遗传杂志》2012年第12期86-87,75,共3页Chinese Journal of Birth Health & Heredity

基　　金：国家十一五科技支撑计划"中"重大出生缺陷和遗传病的防治研究"项目内容;课题编号2006BAI05A04;课题名称"严重胎儿结构异常影像学产前筛查和诊断新技术的研究

摘　　要：目的通过研究孕早期胎儿超声结构筛查发现的异常病例,探讨孕早期行超声结构筛查的必要性。方法回顾2007年12月1日至2010年10月31日在南京市鼓楼医院产前诊断中心超声室行孕早期胎儿结构筛查的孕妇,行经腹部超声检查胎儿,常规测量胎儿冠臀距(CRL)、颈项透明层厚度(NT)、胎心率(HR),观察胎儿颅脑、脊柱、四肢、胸腹壁、四腔心结构、胃泡、膀胱、双脐动脉、胎盘及羊水量等指标,明确有无胎儿及其附属物的结构异常。结果共检查孕11-13+6周的孕妇3000例,其中单胎妊娠2514例,双胎妊娠478例,三胎妊娠8例。共发现胎儿结构异常91例。结论孕早期超声胎儿结构筛查可以早期发现胎儿早发的、严重的结构异常,可以判断多胎妊娠的绒毛膜性,为进一步产前诊断及产科处理提供依据,有必要作为产前检查的常规程序,进行临床推广。Objective： To assess the essentiality of ultrasound screening in detecting the abnormal cases in the first trimester. Methods ： The retrospective review included the pregnant women in the first trimester from December 1, 2007 to October 31, 2010 in the Center for prenatal diagnosis in The Affiliated Drum Tower hospital of Nanjing University Medical College. Scan fetal structural with transabdominal ultrasound, the conventional measurement of fetal crown - rump distance （ CRL）, nuchal translucency thickness （ NT）, fetal heart rate （ HR）, observation of fetal brain, spine, extremities, thoracic and abdominal wall, four - chamber view of the heart, stomach, bladder, double umbilical artery, placental and amniotic fluid volume and other indicators, determine whether fetal structural abnormalities and its appendages. Results ： A total of 3000 pregnant women in 11 - 13 ＋6 weeks suffered the examination, in which a single pregnancy in 2514 cases, 478 cases of twin pregnancy, three pregnancy in 8 cases. All of them, there were 91 cases with fetal structural abnormalities. Conclusion： Ultrasound screening in the first trimester can detect out the severe structural abnormal- ities of fetal at the very onset, and provide the support for further prenatal diagnosis and obstetric treatment. For multiple pregnancy af- ter the discovery of fetal structural abnormalities, but also in judgment of chorionic, to provide the basis for abnormal conditions in the treatment.

关 键 词：孕早期 超声筛查 胎儿结构异常 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R714.5[医药卫生—诊断学]