全姿态光纤陀螺井眼轨迹连续测量仪研究  

Study on all-attitude fiber optic gyro well-hole trajectory continuous measuring instrument

作　　者：任春华[1] 李兵[1] 赵幸子[1] 廖冠[1] 李静伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学光电技术及系统教育部重点实验室,重庆400030

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2012年第12期2703-2708,共6页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金(CSTC;2010BB4223);中央高校基本科研专项基金(CDJZR11120007)资助项目

摘　　要：在油气井井眼轨迹测量中,针对传统磁通门磁力计无法在套管井、铁矿井等受磁场干扰或无磁环境下测量的问题,研制了一种新型小口径全姿态井眼轨迹连续测量仪。系统采用了新研制的小口径精密三轴一体化光纤陀螺和3个石英加速度计作为核心传感器,为克服高温恶劣环境对仪器测量精度的影响,提出了加装保温瓶、置入吸热材料、对传感器采用小波神经网络进行温度漂移辨识与补偿的方案。给出了系统方案、轨迹测量算法、漂移误差估计与补偿算法。测试结果表明:该系统倾角测量范围为0°～180°,井斜方位为0°～360°,井斜方位精度优于±3°,倾角精度优于±0.15°。系统能够有效解决在无磁或磁干扰等环境下的轨迹连续测量问题,其全姿态测量特点使其亦适用于日益增多的水平井测量,具有广阔的应用前景。In the field of oil and gas well hole trajectory continuous measurement, aiming at the problem that traditional fluxgate magnetometer can not make measurement effectively in interference magnetic field or nonmagnetic environment like iron mine and etc. , a new type of small caliber all-attitude well-hole trajectory continuous measurement instrument is developed. The system adopts the new devel- oped small caliber precision three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope and three quartz accelerometers as the core sensors. To overcome the influence of high-temperature harsh environment, three key technologies are proposed, which are adopting thermos, adding heat-ab- sorbing material and using wavelet neural network to identify and compensate the temperature drift. The system scheme, trajectory meas- urement algorithm and temperature drift error estimation ＆ compensation algorithm are given in this paper. Test results show that the measurement range of incline angle is 0°- 180° and the measurement range of azimuth angle is 0° - 360°;the azimuth precision is superior to ±3° and incline angle precision is superior to ± 0.15°. The instrument can effectively solve the well-hole trajectory continuous measurement problem in non-magnetic field or interference magnetic field environment. The characteristic of all-attitude measurement is suitable for the increasing horizontal well measurement and has broad application prospect.

关 键 词：轨迹测量 全姿态 无磁环境 光纤陀螺 小口径 

分 类 号：TN98[电子电信—信息与通信工程] TH76[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]