基于智能体模型的青岛市林地生态格局评价与优化  

Evaluation and optimization of woodland ecological patterns for Qingdao based on the agent-based model

作　　者：傅强[1] 毛锋[1] 王天青 杨丙丰[1] 吴永兴[1] 李静[3] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院,北京100084 [2]青岛市城市规划设计研究院,青岛266071 [3]环境保护部卫星环境应用中心,北京100029

出　　处：《生态学报》2012年第24期7676-7687,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金："十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2010BAK67B08);国家自然科学基金项目(51178235)

摘　　要：设计并在GIS平台上开发了基于智能体的生态格局评价模型,以青岛市及周边地区林地为研究对象,分析不同林地空间格局及生态网络保护框架对于物种生存与扩散的影响。结果表明,与现状相比,不同等级的生态网络框架对物种种群数量与物种迁移都有明显提升,且等级越高的生态网络框架提升作用越明显。然而仅仅依靠生态网络框架不足以使研究区域林地系统形成功能上的相互连通,因此,在分析研究区域现状土地利用格局基础上,提出与湿地系统结合,在胶州湾周围及大沽河干流地区增加林地的空间布局。通过模型模拟分析,发现优化后的林地空间格局结合生态网络框架能有效提升林地之间的物种扩散。基于模拟结果,为研究区林地生态格局构建提出如下建议:(1)保证现有的规模较大的林地不被破坏;(2)青岛市中部湿地系统可以作为新增林地的理想区域;(3)生态网络框架可作为青岛市建立城市组团间生态间隔的空间参考。Urban socio-economic development and urban spatial expansion has led to the loss and fragmentation of habitat Global climate change adds to the gravity of these effects. The survival of wildlife species is subjected to enormous pressure due to natural environmental changes and human activities. Agent-based models （ABMs） are computer simulation models analyzing and simulating human or animal behavior through the integration of learning, adaptation, evolution and logical analysis. ABMs study the overall system characteristics by analyzing internal elements of the system （ such as the interaction among individual agents, and agents with the environment） with a bottom-up approach. The agents in ABMs can complete given objectives, perceive and respond to changes of the external environment through the default logic control, and respond to stimuli from other agents and the external environment through agent-based evaluation model of an ecological pattern, which was learning and adaptation functions. This paper designed an used to analyze the impact of different woodland patterns on species survival and dispersal. The model focused on the logic control of survival and dispersal of agents, and used the dispersal strategy integrating CRW and LW models, which combines the advantages of these two models. The survival of the agent is control by the age-specified U-shaped survival curve and determination function considering their own energy and environmental risks. The model was developed on the GIS platform, realizing the seamless integration of the agent model and GIS, which could then be applied to real geographical environment simulation. Qingdao is a city located in the eastern coastal region of China where the economy is relatively well-developed. The region is also where marine and terrestrial ecosystems meet. Woodland is mainly distributed in the Laoshan Mountains in the east, the Daze Mountains in the north, and the Dazhu, Xiaozhu and Tiejue Mountains in the south. In the study area, the ecological environm

关 键 词：智能体模型 生态格局评价 物种扩散 概念物种 青岛市林地 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]