重型矿用自卸车油气悬架参数优化  

Parametric optimization of hydro-pneumatic suspension of a heavy mining dumper

作　　者：徐道临[1] 张林[1] 周加喜[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,长沙410082

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2012年第24期98-101,107,共5页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11072075);湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室自主课题(61075003)项目资助

摘　　要：讨论了某360 t矿用自卸车单气室油气悬架的优化设计。参考传统的车辆动力学模型,考虑了轮胎阻尼和油气悬架非线性特征,建立了更符合工程实际的矿用自卸车五自由度数学模型。以随机输入和脉冲输入为加载条件,构建了随机输入条件下车身垂向加速度均方根值为目标函数的优化模型。分析了前、后油气悬架刚度和阻尼性能对车身和人体振动响应的主要影响。最后,采用遗传算法对油气悬架主要参数进行了优化设计。优化结果表明:车身垂直加速度均方根值下降25.6%,满足标准ISO2631对两种路面输入的平顺性要求。The optimal design of a single chamber hydro-pneumatic suspension used in a mining dump truck of 360 tons was discussed here. A 5-DOF mechanical model for a heavy duty truck was derived in consideration of nonlinear characteristics of hydro-pneumatic suspension and tyre damping, this model was more realistic than traditional vehicle models. Under loading input of random road surface and impulses of road humps, an optimal design model was established, its objective function was defined with the root mean square （RMS） of the vertical acceleration at the gravity center of the vehicle body. The numerical analysis was performed to examine the effects of the stiffness and damping of the front and rear suspensions on the vibration response of the vehicle body and human body. Finally, the design parameters of the hydro-pneumatic suspension were optimized with a genetic algorithm. The results showed that the RMS of the vehicle body vertical acceleration decreases by 25. 6%, and the performance satisfies the requirement of the standard ISO2631.

关 键 词：油气悬架 平顺性 优化设计 遗传算法 

分 类 号：U463.334.3[机械工程—车辆工程]