汽车生产年份和乘员乘坐位置对侧面碰撞下乘员伤害的影响(英文)  

Influence of Vehicle Model Year and Occupant Seating Position on Serious Injury Risk in Near-Side Collision

作　　者：刘洋 赖兴华[1] 马春生[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学 汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2012年第4期313-318,共6页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 50975156~~

摘　　要：研究了不同年份生产的四门轿车对不同乘坐位置乘员在侧面碰撞中的保护效果。碰撞数据来源于 NHTSA NCAP的可移动变形壁障碰撞试验 (MDB) 数据库。分析了被测试车辆的几何特征和碰撞后的压溃变形。用头部伤害指标 HIC、胸部伤害指标TTI 和骨盆横向加速度峰值 PPLA 等损伤参数,评估碰撞过程中乘员不同身体部位遭受严重伤害风险。结果表明:不同乘坐位置乘员的所有伤害指标均随着汽车生产年份的增加而降低;新车型中后排乘员的胸部和头部伤害风险比前排乘员高;乘员约束系统的有效性和乘员的乘坐位置紧密相关。因此,应加强汽车后排乘员的伤害机理的研究和保护胸部和头部安防设计。The crash safety of four-door sedans in near-side impacts was investigated with respect to the vehicle model year and the occupant seating position to predict serious injury risks, using the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration （NHTSA） New Car Assessment Program （NCAP） moving deformable barrier （MDB） tests database as the data sources. The test vehicle geometrical characteristics and the crush deformation were summarized with the head injury criteria （HIC）, the thoracic trauma index （TTI）, and the peak pelvis lateral acceleration （PPLA） used to evaluate serious injury risks for different body regions of occupants. The results show that these injury criteria all decrease with increasing vehicle model year for both front and rear seat occupants. Much higher risks of serious head and thoracic injury occur for rear seat occupants compared with the front seat occupants for newer vehicle models. Restraint effectiveness is closely related to occupant seating positions. Therefore, the head and thoracic injury mechanism and countermeasures should be emphasized for rear seat occupants.

关 键 词：汽车碰撞安全 侧面碰撞 后排座椅 头部伤害指标(HIC) 胸部伤害指标(TTI) 骨盆横向加速度峰值(PPLA) 可移动变形壁(MDB) 新车评价规程(NCAP) 

分 类 号：U461.91[机械工程—车辆工程]