中国OFDI的区位决定因素——基于地理距离与文化距离的检验  

Determinants of Chinese OFDI Location: Based on the Geographical Distance and Cultural Distance Test

作　　者：綦建红[1] 杨丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学经济学院,中国山东济南250100

出　　处：《经济地理》2012年第12期40-46,共7页Economic Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71073097)

摘　　要：中国对外直接投资(OFDI)呈明显的洲际分布不均衡特征。首先运用2003—2010年中国对40个国家(地区)OFDI的面板数据,并且引入交叉项变量进行总体检验,结果表明:地理距离和文化距离均与OFDI呈负向关系,并通过双边贸易额等因素产生传导作用。然后依据地理距离均值对样本数据进行分组检验,发现当地理距离较小时,地理距离与OFDI负向关系不变,但是随着地理距离的增大,其对OFDI的影响转而呈现正向关系。同理,文化距离分组检验也验证了门槛效应的存在,即当文化距离增大时,文化距离对OFDI的影响愈不明显,但能通过贸易间接阻碍OFDI。基于此,中国OFDI在集中于地理距离与文化距离较小的周边国家和地区的同时,应通过各种正式与非正式的贸易与文化交流,削弱文化距离对中国OFDI的间接阻碍作用,完善中国OFDI的空间格局。There is significant imbalance in the presence of Chinese OFDI in different continents. This paper attempts to find the effect of geographical distance and cultural distance as well as their transmission mechanism on the imbalanced distribution. First, this paper applies the panel data of all recipient countries of Chinese OFDI from 2003-2010 to have the full sample test, and indicates that Chinese OFDI is negatively corrected with geographical distance and cultural distance. Then we divide the sample countries into two groups by their geographical distance from China. The regression results of the two subsamples suggest that geographical distance in the short distance countries bears significant negative impact on Chinese OFDI while geographical distance in the long distance countries motivates Chinese OFDI. At last, we divide the sample cotmtfies into two groups by their cultural distance from China and found there is similar threshold effect while cultural distance beyond that limit has no obvious effect on Chinese OFDI. Therefore, various formal and informal trade and cultural communication should be fostered to weaken the obstacles and perfect the spatial pattern of Chinese OFDI.

关 键 词：对外直接投资(OFDI) 地理距离 文化距离 引力模型 

分 类 号：F276.7[经济管理—企业管理]