“大海”与“孤岛”——《蹈海骑手》中的代际冲突  

Sea and Island: Generation Conflicts in Riders to the Sea

作　　者：张陟[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学外语学院

出　　处：《戏剧（中央戏剧学院学报）》2012年第4期43-50,共8页Drama:The Journal of the Central Academy of Drama

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"英美航海小说中的自我想象与国家认同研究"(12CWW036)阶段性成果;浙江省哲学社会科学规划项目"英语文学中的海洋意识:以三部经典为例"阶段性成果(11JCWY16YB)

摘　　要：因其质朴简约的风格,《蹈海骑手》常被认为具有古希腊悲剧的意蕴,而"大海"则被认为象征了"命运的暴虐无常"。借鉴社会学有关文化传承的理论,本文从"出海卖马"这一关键情节入手,以"代际冲突"为视角,结合戏剧取材地———艾兰岛特殊的地理位置、社会生活方式以及所处时代等背景信息,依次分析了剧中母子、母女以及母亲与教士之间的矛盾冲突。本文提出,剧中老妇人的"悲",既是连续遭遇丧夫、丧子之痛的人伦之"悲",也是在一个传统社会与价值观念逐渐崩溃的背景下,年老一代逐步丧失了对于生活的秩序感与稳定感的生存之"悲"。从象征的角度看,"岛屿"封闭而稳定,属于年老一代;而"大海"虽然吞噬生命,却也以无法抗拒的力量吸引着年轻一代。因此,"大海"不仅仅象征命运的暴虐无常,更可以影射巨变中的外部社会。Riders to the Sea by J. M. Synge has generally been regarded as a tragedy of the pristine Grecian style, and ＂the sea＂ as a symbol of ＂the relentless cruelty of destiny＂. Inspired by the sociological theory on cultural transmission raised by Margaret Mead, the writer reviews the plot of ＂sailing to sell the horse＂, the special location of Aran Islands, and the way of life in its social historical context, analyzes the conflicts between mother and son, mother and daughter, as well as mother and the priest, and argues that the eontroversies between the two generations contribute much to the tension of the tragedy. The writer concludes that the sea in the play stands for the impersonal destiny; moreover it generates an intimidating and overwhelming force--destroying life while alluring the voun^er ~eneration. imolvin~ an outside world of drastic transformation.

关 键 词：辛格 《蹈海骑手》 代际冲突 

分 类 号：I562.073[文学—其他各国文学]