长链非编码RNAs的作用机制及其在肿瘤中的作用  

The regulatory mechanisms of long noncoding RNAs and their role in cancer

作　　者：颜彬[1] 蒋逸群[1] 曹亚[1] 陶永光[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学肿瘤研究所癌变与侵袭原理教育部重点实验室癌变原理卫生部重点实验室,长沙410008

出　　处：《科学通报》2012年第36期3467-3474,共8页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81171881);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2011CB504300);湖南省杰出青年基金(12JJ1013);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2011JQ019)资助项目

摘　　要：长链非编码RNAs(lncRNAs)为一类碱基长度大于200nt的非编码RNA分子,作为一类新型基因表达调控因子,可通过改变染色质结构和直接调节转录因子活性参与转录调控,亦可通过调节mRNA形成的过程及其翻译参与转录后调控.lncRNAs表达水平异常与肿瘤发生发展密切相关,有的可以促进癌变,在肿瘤中高度表达;有的可以抑制癌变,在肿瘤中表达降低.本文总结了近年来lncRNAs研究方面取得的最新进展,主要介绍了lncRNAs的作用机制及其异常表达与肿瘤发生发展的关系,这为我们理解lncRNAs的功能及其与恶性肿瘤的关系提供了一个新的思路.Long noncoding RNAs（lncRNAs） are a class of noncoding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides in length.They are very important gene expression regulatory factors.They are involved in transcriptional regulation by changing the chromatin structure and modulating the activity of transcriptional factors,and also involved in post-transcriptional regulation by regulating the processing and translation of mRNA.Alterations in the expression level of lncRNAs associate with carcinogenesis,and some lncRNAs can trigger tumors which are highly expressed in tumors while some can prevent tumors which are expressed lowly.This review summarizes the latest developments of the researches on lncRNAs,and mainly introduces the moleculr mechanism and the relationship between the dysregulation of lncRNAs and carcinogenesis.This provides a new way for us to understand the function of lncRNAs and their relationship with malignant tumours.

关 键 词：长链非编码RNAs 作用机制 肿瘤 

分 类 号：R730.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]