水稻灌浆期高温对天冬氨酸代谢酶活性及其家族氨基酸含量的影响  

Effect of High Temperature on Aspartate Metabolism Enzyme Activities and Aspartate-family Amino Acids Contents at Rice Grain-filling Stage

作　　者：梁成刚[1] 张青[1] 李敬[1] 熊丹[1] 许光利[1] 汪燕[1] 刘泉[1] 黄鹏[1] 李天[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学/农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室.四川成都611130

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2013年第1期71-76,共6页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：四川省国际科技合作与交流研究计划资助项目(2010HH0015);四川省科技计划资助项目(2009ZR0109);四川农业大学大学生科研兴趣培养计划资助项目

摘　　要：选用粳稻越光和籼稻IR72为材料,研究了灌浆期高温对水稻籽粒中天冬氨酸转氨酶(AAT)、天冬氨酸激酶(AK)活性以及稻米蛋白质组分与天冬氨酸族氨基酸组分含量的影响。结果表明,水稻灌浆期高温下籽粒中AAT和AK活性、天冬氨酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸、蛋氨酸和异亮氨酸相对含量均显著提高,籽粒中AAT和AK活性与天冬氨酸家族总氨基酸含量分别呈显著和极显著正相关,说明水稻籽粒中AAT和AK对于高温下稻米天冬氨酸家族氨基酸含量的提高具有重要作用。高温有利于稻米中蛋白质组分与天冬氨酸族氨基酸组分相对含量的提高,有利于单粒稻米中谷蛋白与天冬氨酸家族氨基酸组分的积累以及粗蛋白中部分氨基酸比例的改善,但高温降低了每穗稻米中蛋白质组分与部分氨基酸组分的含量。The effect of high temperature（HT） on aspartate aminotransferase（AAT）,aspartokinase（AK） activities and the contents of Asp-family amino acids and protein components in grains were measured at rice grain filling stage with japonica rice variety Koshihikari and indica rice variety IR72 as materials.The results indicated that the activities of AAT and AK and the relative contents of Asp,Lys,Thr,Met and Ile in grains significantly increased under HT,and AAT and AK activities were significantly positively correlated with Asp-family amino acids contents,suggesting that AAT and AK in rice grains may play an important role in the increase of Asp-family amino acids contents in grains under HT.Additionally,the results indicated that HT during grain filling contributed to the increase of relative contents of protein components and Asp-family amino acids contents,the accumulation of glutelin and Asp-family amino acids,and the improvement of the ratio of part of Asp-family amino acids contents in crude protein.However,the contents of protein components and part of Asp-family amino acids in spikelet decreased under HT during rice grain filling.

关 键 词：高温 天冬氨酸转氨酶 天冬氨酸激酶 天冬氨酸族氨基酸 蛋白质组分 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]