再制造不确定的MR闭环供应链系统建模与仿真研究  

Modeling and Simulation on the MR Closed-loop Supply Chain System of Uncertain Remanufacturing

作　　者：赵晓敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学管理学院,上海200444

出　　处：《管理科学》2012年第6期23-34,共12页Journal of Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(70801041)~~

摘　　要：为了探讨再制造逆向物流对供应链成员企业以及系统整体的影响,利用控制理论对原产品生产商和下游零售商组成的MR两级闭环供应链系统进行研究,建立随机再制造环境下的系统动态模型,探讨分散决策下生产商与下游零售商之间的闭环供应链运作问题。通过计算机仿真研究MR系统的动态行为和运行规律,分析再制造战略对原产品生产商和下游零售商生产运作的影响,探讨逆向物流的不确定性、回收率以及提前期因素对MR系统经济收益的影响。研究结果表明,当原产品生产商从事废旧产品回收再制造时,其新产品生产环节会因逆向物流的不确定性出现明显波动,这种负面影响会波及到下游零售商,但是相对生产商本身而言,再制造对下游零售商的影响较轻微。从经济层面看,提高产品回收率、降低再制造环节的不确定性可以达到改善系统绩效的目的,尽可能保持新产品生产过程与再制造过程的同步有助于提升成员企业以及系统的总利润。In order to explore the influence of closed-loop supply chain of remanufacturing on channel enterprises and the whole system, we use control theory to develop a system dynamies model under the stochastic remanufacturing eontext to investigate a MR elosed-loop supply chain system with one product manufacturer and one downstream retailer and its operation in the decen- tralized structure. We simulated the system＇s dynamic behavior and operation modes of the MR system, and analyzed the impact of remanufacturing strategies on the product manufacturer and the downstream retailer. In addition, the effects of different factors on the system＇s performance are also investigated, including the uncertainty of reverse logistics, collection rate and the lead- time. The results show that the manufacturer will suffer obvious fluctuation in the production process of new products, due to the uncertainty of remanufacturing reverse logistics, when the manufacturer was engaged in recovery and remanufacturing of waste products. The downstream retailer will also be less affected. As for the economic performance, it is beneficial to improve the sys- tem＇s profits by increasing the recovery rate and reducing the uncertainty of remanufacturing. Furthermore, to keep synchroniza- tion between production and remanufacturing is also helpful to improve total profits of channel enterprises and the whole system.

关 键 词：闭环供应链 产品再制造 逆向物流 控制理论 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]