应用数字激光散斑技术研究双端固定桥斜向集中载荷下的三维位移  

Measuring Three-dimensional Displacement of Tooth-supported Rigid Fixed Bridge under Oblique Concentrated Loading using Digital Laser Speckle Photography

作　　者：徐祖杰[1] 陈新民[1] 李爱洁[1] 陈悦[1] 彭真真[1] 王峻[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西口腔医院修复科,成都610041

出　　处：《四川大学学报（医学版）》2013年第1期99-103,共5页Journal of Sichuan University(Medical Sciences)

摘　　要：目的研究天然牙支持式双端固定桥义齿在舌向30°集中载荷下的空间位移。方法利用数字激光散斑技术建立位移测量系统,采用比格犬建立天然牙支持式双端固定桥生物模型,在200～3000g载荷下舌向30°分别加载固定桥两端基牙及桥体并观察各部分的三维位移。结果双端固定桥各部分位移随载荷增加而增大;受载基牙颊舌向位移最大,其次是近远中向位移,龈向位移最小,非受载基牙及桥体小载荷时颊舌向位移大于近远中向位移,大载荷时近远中向位移大于颊舌向位移;桥体近中基牙受载时义齿位移大于远中基牙受载时义齿的位移;桥体受载时,近中基牙位移最大,远中基牙最小,桥体介于二者之间,但义齿各部分均是颊舌向位移最大,近远中向次之,龈向位移最小。结论双端固定桥在斜向载荷下各部分位移的大小不同,方向一致,与加载点的位置相关,临床设计时应尽量减小义齿侧向受力,避免咬合早接触,尤其注意减轻弱基牙侧受力;此外数字激光散斑技术是一种非接触、无损、快速方便的测量牙齿三维位移的方法。Objective To measure three-dimensional displacements of rigid fixed bridge under oblique concentrated loading and to analyze the effect of displacement on the stability of abutment teeth. Methods Right mandible of Beagle dog was used to establish the tooth-supported rigid fixed bridge. Digital laser speckle photography was employed to measure the three-dimensional displacements of the prosthesis under oblique concentrated loading ranging from 200 g to 3000 g. Results The displacements of prosthesis increased as the load increased. When the load was on the abutment, the buccolingual displacement of the abutment under loading was the biggest but no more than 100μm. This was followed by mesiodistal and occlusallingual displacements. With slighter loadings, the buccolingual displacements of non-loaded abutment were greater than the mesiodistal displacements. However, as the loading increased greater mesiodistal displacements on non-loaded abutment were found compared to buccolingual displacements. When the bridge was loaded, the biggest displacements of the prosthesis were always shown on the buccolingual direction, followed by the mesiodistal direction and the occlusallingual direction. The displacements with loaded bridge were smaller than those when the load was applied on abutment. Conclusion The displacements of rigid fixed bridge change with different loading positions. This has implications on the design of prosthesis. Lateral force should be minimized and early occlusion contact should be avoided, especially on the feeble abutment. This study has developed a new method for measuring bit shift of teeth.

关 键 词：天然牙支持式双端固定桥 集中载荷 三维空间位移 激光散斑技术 

分 类 号：R783[医药卫生—口腔医学]