哈尔滨市3～5年级学生社交焦虑影响因素的调查  

Survey of social anxiety and related influence factors of 3-5 grades students in Harbin

作　　者：高鹏 尚进[2] 何璐娜[2] 任晓菲[2] 王忆军[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨市道里区中小学校卫生保健所,黑龙江哈尔滨150076 [2]哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2013年第1期90-92,共3页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

摘　　要：【目的】了解3～5年级学生社交焦虑情况,并深入研究其与影响因素之间的关系,为学生的心理健康提供科学依据。【方法】抽取哈尔滨市3所小学3～5年级学生及其家长共927对作为研究对象。学生完成以下问卷:儿童社交焦虑量表,父母养育方式评价量表,核心自我评价量表,社会支持评定量表;家长完成以下问卷:流调中心用抑郁量表,焦虑自评量表。【结果】本次共调查927名学生的社交焦虑检出率为26.3%,女生的社交焦虑检出率(13.7%)虽然高于男生(12.6%),但差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.01,P=0.922)。除父母焦虑和父母偏爱被试无显著性相关外,父母情感温暖理解、学生社会支持和学生核心自我评价呈负相关(r=-0.068、-0.089、-0.196、-0.481),其余因素均与学生社交焦虑呈正相关。核心自我评价量表(CSES)、父过度保护(FF6)、母情感温暖理解(MF1)、家长抑郁(CES-D)依次进入回归方程,回归系数分别为-0.258、0.137、0.050和0.040。【结论】家长对子女要求苛刻、过度保护或对子女缺乏温暖理解都会成为社交焦虑的危险因素;较高的社会支持和自我评价有助儿童社交能力的发展。【Objective】 To study the social anxiety situation of 3~5 grades students,deeply discuss the relationship between the social anxiety situation and influence factors,provide basic data and science basis for pupils＇ mental health. 【Methods】 Convenience sample method was used in 3 primary schools in Harbin,all 3~5 grades pupils and their parents（927） were sampled.Social Anxiety Scale for Children,Egna Minnenav Bardndosna Uppforstran,Core Self-Evaluations Scale and Social Support Rating Scale were used in the sampled pupils.Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Inventory and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale were used in the sampled parents. 【Results】 The incidence of 927 pupils＇ social anxiety was 26.3% in this investigation,the incidence of girls（13.7%） was higher than that of boys（12.6%）,but there was no significant difference（χ2=0.01,P=0.922）.Parental emotional warmth and understanding,social support and core self-evaluations had negative correlation with pupils＇ social anxiety（r=-0.068、-0.089、-0.196、-0.481）,other influence factors had passive correlation with pupils＇ social anxiety,parental anxiety and parental preference had no significant correlations with pupils＇ social anxiety.Core Self-Evaluations,paternal over-protection,maternal Emotional Warmth and Understanding and paternal depression turn into the regression equation,regression coefficient were respectively-0.258,0.137,0.050 and 0.040. 【Conclusions】 Parents over-demand and over-protect their kids and lack of emotional warmth and understanding to the kids are risk factors of pupils＇ social anxiety occurrence.High social support and core self-evaluation help children develop their social communication skills.

关 键 词：社交焦虑 父母养育方式 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]