南方鲇的营养学研究:I.人工饲料的消化率  

STUDIES ON THE NUTRITION OF SILURUS MERIDIONALIS: I. DIGESTIBILITIES OF THE ARTIFICIAL DIETS

作　　者：邓利[1] 谢小军[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南师范大学生物系,重庆400715

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2000年第4期347-355,共9页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!编号:39470104

摘　　要：采用循环水养殖系统在２７．５℃条件下，用人工饲料持续喂养南方鲇（Ｓｉｌｕｒｕｓｍｅｒｉｄｉｏｎａｌｉｓ Ｃｈｅｎ）幼鱼６周。以三氧化二铬（Ｃｒ２Ｏ３）为指示物，测定了蛋白质含量为３５％至６０％（变化梯度为 ５％）的 ６种等能（２０ｋＪ／ ｇ）试验饲料的消化率。实验结果表明：饲料蛋白质水平由 ３９．８６％升至 ５５．７３％时，饲料干物质表观消化率（Ｄｄｍ）、蛋白质表观消化率（Ｄｐ）、脂肪表观消化率（Ｄ１）．能量表观消化率（Ｄｅ）及无氮浸出物表观消化率（Ｄｎｆｅ）分别由 ３６．６８％、 ７７． １３％、７７．１３％、７１．４３％、及５５．９４％显著上升为８２．４６％、９４．２２％、９４．９６％、９３．５６％和８４．９６％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。饲料干物质、蛋白质、脂肪、能量及无氮浸出物表观消化率均与饲料蛋白质含量呈显著线性正相关、与饲料中淀粉含量呈显著线性负相关。通过讨论指出了Ｏｇｉｎｏ和Ｃｈｅｎ有关蛋白质消化率与饲料蛋白质水平关系的假说的不完备性，并提出二者正相关的可能原因为：ａ蛋白质真消化率也随着饲料蛋白质水平的下降而下降；ｂ鱼类摄食不同蛋白质水平饲料后其内源性粪氮量不同；ｃ二者兼而有之。The southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis Chen) were fed with artificial diets in a recirculated filtered rearing system maintained at 27.5℃ ( ± 0.2℃) for 6 weeks. Using the chromic oxide as an indicator, nutrient apparent digestibilities of six isoenergetic (20kJ/ g) diets containing 35%- 60% protein at 5% increments were determined With the increase from 39.86% to 55.73% in dietary protein level, the apparent digestibilities of dry matter (Ddm.), protein (Dp), lipid (D1), energy (De) and nitrogen free extract (Dnfe) increased from 36.68%, 77.13%, 77.13%, 71.43% and 55.94% to 82.46%, 94.22%, 94.96%, 93.56%, and 84.96%, respectively (p < 0.05). The analysis of linear regression indicated that Ddm, Dp, D1, De, and Dnfe were correlated positively with protein level, negatively with nitrogen free extract level. It is suggested that the correlation of apparent digestibility of protein in the fish with dietary protein level alight come from three sources as follows: a) True digestibility of protein which decreases with the decrease of protein level. b) Endogenous nitrogen in faeces which may change with the protein level of diet c) The two mechanisms occurred simultaneously. It is argued that the hypothesis by Ogino and Chen (1973) as to the relationship between protein digesitibility and protein level in diet should be invalid.

关 键 词：南方鲇 营养学 消化率 人工饲料 配方 

分 类 号：S963.812.8[农业科学—水产养殖] Q959.468[农业科学—水产科学]