脑电图在精神科的临床应用  

THE CLINICAL APPLICATION OF EEG IN DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY

作　　者：李振光[1] 廖云龙[1] 田明琴[1] 黄赛平[1] 陈小玮[1] 黄康[1] 黄平[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省脑科医院神经电生理室

出　　处：《现代电生理学杂志》2012年第4期223-225,230,共4页Journal of Modern Electrophysiology

摘　　要：脑电图技术在精神科临床应用主要有以下几方面:1.精神心理障碍性疾病诊断与鉴别诊断的辅助依据:(1)功能性与器质性精神障碍的鉴别,如精神障碍为首发症状的脑炎,癫癎所致精神障碍,脑卒中后抑郁障碍、慢性酒精依赖性脑病、煤气中毒迟发性脑病、毒鼠强中毒性脑病、阿尔茨海默病、精神发育迟滞、睡眠障碍性疾病、酒精海洛因依赖、肝/肺/肾性脑病。(2)发作性精神行为障碍与癫癎精神运动性发作、癫癎性精神障碍以及非惊厥性癫癎持续状态的鉴别诊断;精神障碍的司法鉴定。(3)睡眠障碍性疾病的诊断与鉴别诊断。2.辅助评估脑认知功能障碍:精神发育迟滞、精神疾病患者伴认知功能障碍、抗精神病药物对认知功能的损害。3.精神科用药的辅助监测:监测EEG变化有助于指导剂量调整和药物种类选择,避免第Ⅰ代抗精神病药与三环类抗抑郁药的使用过量和疗程过长引起EEG慢波化异常甚至出现癫癎样波发放。避免催眠镇静药物(如苯二氮卓类、巴比妥类)过量可引起脑电背景活动弥漫性快波分布与嗜睡、记忆力下降。Objective：The clinical applications of EEG in department of psychiatry mainly including the following aspects：1.providing the auxiliary basis of diagnosis and differential diagnosis in psychiatric and mental diseases.（1）The differential diagnosis between the functional and organical mental disorders.（2） Differentiating the paroxysmal mental and behavior disorders with epileptic psychomotor seizures, epileptic mental disorders and the non-convulsions epileptic state.（3）Diagnosis and differential diagnosis the sleep disorder disease. 2. Assisting to assess brain cognitive dysfunction mental retardation and psychiatric disorders caused by anti-psychotics. 3. Auxiliary monitoring of psychiatric drugs：avoiding the side effects of the first generation antipsychotics and tricyclic antidepressants and hypnosis calm drugs by EEG examination.

关 键 词：脑电图 精神疾病 抗精神病药 鉴别诊断 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]