“空气比热容比”教学中的物理思想与测定的关键问题分析  

The Analysis of the Thoughts and Key Problems in the Experiment of Air Specific Heat Ratio

作　　者：黄育红[1] 王璐 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学,陕西西安710062 [2]西安市第十五中学,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2012年第6期45-48,共4页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：陕西师范大学实验技术研究项目(SYJS201218)

摘　　要：该实验从诸多气体状态变化中选取了3个关键的状态,实验设计巧妙,整个实验中涉及的理论分析过程复杂,实验操作有很多不可控因素,因此如何在实验教学中把握实验的设计思想,找到测量的关键点显得尤为重要。本文旨在分析实验过程的基础上,利用力学中"回复力"的概念,使学生快速掌握实验过程的变化规律,并以"压强"为控制因素,进行数据记录,从而使学生把握了实验测量的关键点,提高了实验的教学效率。Three critical points are selected from many varied gas states,which is ingenious in the experiment design of air specific heat ratio.However,the relevant theoretical analysis is complicated,and many uncontrollable factors exist during experimental operation,so it is important to grasp the design thoughts and find the key measurement points in the experiment.Based on the analysis of the experiment,this article utilizes the mechanical concept of ‘restoring force’ in order to make students master the experimental law easier than before,and the ‘gas pressure’ is suggested as reference point.Thus the critical experimental measurement factors are grasped by students easily,which improve our experimental teaching efficiency.

关 键 词：空气比热容比 回复力 压强 气体状态变化 

分 类 号：O434[机械工程—光学工程]