四十里湾营养状况与浮游植物生态特征  

Trophic state of seawater and ecological characteristics of phytoplankton in Sishili Bay

作　　者：李斌[1] 白艳艳[1] 邢红艳[1] 马元庆[1] 宋秀凯[1] 张秀珍[1] 孙玉增[1] 刘义豪[1] 秦华伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋水产研究所山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室,烟台264006

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第1期260-266,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(2011-2013);海洋公益性行业科研专项(200805031);烟台市科技发展计划项目(2011457);国家科技支撑计划(2009BADB7B02);水生动物营养与饲料"泰山学者"岗位经费资助(2007-2012)

摘　　要：研究了2006—2010年5月、8月和10月四十里湾的营养盐结构、海水营养级、有机污染状况、浮游植物数量及多样性变化特征,并对上述因子进行了相关性分析。结果表明,近5年N/P值先增加后降低,5月和8月海水多为贫营养和磷限制中度营养,而10月多呈磷限制潜在性富营养;除2006年和2007年10月水质分别达到轻度和中度污染外,其他时期基本未受有机污染,四十里湾有机污染状况有向好趋势。浮游植物多样性指数年际变化显示,总体呈先降低后增加的趋势,与其数量变化趋势相反。相关性分析显示,有机污染指数A与无机磷(IP)浓度呈显著正相关(P<0.01),与DIN相关不显著(P>0.05),这说明IP是影响四十里湾有机污染水平的首要因素;浮游植物多样性指数与其数量呈负相关,而与Si/P和IP浓度分别呈正相关(P>0.05),浮游植物多样性指数与Si/P和IP的Pearson相关系数分别达到0.446和0.413。IP是四十里湾海水营养状况、有机污染及浮游植物多样性的主要影响因子之一。Sishili Bay is located in the northern Yellow Sea, China, and has importance for Yantai City as an aquaculture and tourism area. However, the rapid progress of the coastal economy has led to significantly deleterious effects on the inshore environment. The nutrient load and chemical oxygen demand has clearly increased within the bay, resulting in eutrophication and ecological imbalance. Harmful algal blooms have occurred frequently in recent years, resulting in heavy economic losses. Nutrient structure and trophic level may play an important role in phytoplankton ecology. To understand the effect of trophic state on phytoplankton diversity within the bay, a survey was carried out from 2006--2010. Six sampling sites were chosen, and nutrient composition, trophic state, organic pollution and phytoplankton quantity and diversity were studied in the months of May, August and October over the study period. Sampling and testing methods followed that of the Specifications for Oceanographic Surveys and Specifications for Marine Monitoring. Significance testing and the correlativity between the investigated parameters were analyzed using SPSS 17.0. The results showed that nitrogen/ phosphorus （N/P） ratios increased during the initial part of the study period, and then decreased in recent years. Between 2008 and 2009, N/P ratios wee generally higher than during the other periods, with the maximum ratio value of 162.05occurring in May, 2009. Oligotrophic-medium trophic levels with an inorganic phosphorus （IP） limit usually occurred during May and August, while conditions of potential eutrophication with an IP limit usually occurred in October. With the exception of slight organic pollution （ level three, 2〈A ≤3 ） and a moderate pollution （ level four, 3 〈A≤4） determined in October 2006 and 2007 respectively, organic pollution was seldom detected during the other survey periods. Consequently, it was suggested that organic pollution within Sishili Bay may be gradually ameliorated. Phytoplankton quantit

关 键 词：四十里湾 营养状况 有机污染 浮游植物数量 多样性 

分 类 号：X13[环境科学与工程—环境科学]