土温升高对三江平原湿地系统碳动态的影响  

Effects of Soil Warming on Carbon Dynamics of Wetland Ecosystem in Sanjiang Plain,Northeastern China

作　　者：窦晶鑫[1,2] 刘景双[2] 刘瑞明[1] 赵光影[3] 

机构地区：[1]农业部管理干部学院,北京102208 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130012 [3]哈尔滨师范大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2012年第6期11-15,21,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向资助项目"典型湿地物质循环过程及其环境效应研究"(KZCX2-YW-309);国家自然科学基金项目(41071033;41071056);中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室开放基金(WELF-2009-B-002)

摘　　要：采用改进的电缆加热法,研究了淹水和非淹水条件下土壤温度升高对湿地系统碳动态的影响。研究结果表明,试验期间,土温升高显著促进了小叶章的地上生物量,淹水和非淹水条件下较对照平均分别增长了85.12%和49.37%,而根生物量则平均分别增长了43.27%和54.39%。淹水处理在降低了小叶章的地上生物量的同时,显著促进了小叶章根生物量的积累。土温升高影响下土壤NH4-N含量呈增加趋势,其含量与地上生物量和根生物量的增长呈显著线性正相关关系。与对照相比,整个生长季,升温淹水和非淹水处理的系统CO2和CH4通量平均分别较对照增长30.55%和31.39%,并与5cm土温呈显著的指数相关关系。土温升高将主要通过增强土壤NH4-N的可利用性间接促进湿地系统生物量的积累,同时对系统CO2和CH4的释放产生直接影响,而系统碳累积与释放动态间未见显著的相互影响。To examine the effects of soil warming on carbon dynamics in the wetland ecosystem,a field-warming experiment was conducted under flooded and regular conditions in a typical meadow﹝Calamagrostis angustifolia（TMC） wetland﹞of the Sanjiang Plain,Northeastern China.Electrical cables were used to simulate soil warming.Warming caused significant increases in aboveground biomass on most measuring dates,accounting for 85.12% and 49.37% more than the control under the two water conditions,respectively.Meanwhile,the root biomass also increased by 43.27% and 54.39%,respectively.Elevated temperature tended to improve soil nitrogen availability through the growing season,which was significantly correlated to the increase of aboveground biomass and root biomass.Compared to control,CO2 and CH4 fluxes of the average growing season increased by 30.55% and 31.39% respectively,and were positively correlated with 5 cm soil temperature.However,flood condition significantly reduced the aboveground biomass while increased the root biomass.However,it had no significant effect on soil NH4—N contents and CO2 and CH4 fluxes.The results indicated that soil warming would have direct effects on the fluxes of CO2 and CH4 and indirect effects on the biomass accumulation of C.angustifolia through improving soil NH4—N availability in TMC wetland ecosystem.However,little interaction between carbon sequestration and emission processes was found under soil warming conditions.

关 键 词：土温升高 碳动态 湿地系统 三江平原 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]