小流域综合治理工程对生态服务价值的影响  

Effect of Soil and Water Conservation on Ecosystem Service Value in Small Watersheds

作　　者：胡淑萍[1] 尹忠东[2] 高国雄[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所,北京100091 [2]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [3]西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2012年第6期286-291,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家基础科学(973)重点发展计划项目"西南紫色土区水土流失综合调控原理与治理范式"(2007CB407207-01)

摘　　要：以第5期长江上游水土保持重点防治综合治理工程凉山州治理区为研究对象,参照中国陆地生态系统单位面积生态系统服务价值当量表,结合研究区粮食平均产量和收购价格,分析了研究区生态系统服务价值的变化情况,并构建了小流域综合治理措施与生态服务价值模型。研究结果表明,1999-2003年治理区土地利用类型变化较大,其中未利用地和耕地分别减少36 038.67和5 498.50hm2,林地和草地分别增加35 614.30和5 889.53hm2。通过实施治理工程,治理区生态服务总价值从1999年的1.37×109元增加到2003年的1.85×109元;单项生态服务功能除食物生产功能的价值量减少3.31×105元外,其余均有不同程度增长;各土地利用类型只有林地和草地对生态服务价值增量起到正效应,其中林地对生态服务价值变化的贡献率为89.04%,是治理区生态服务价值变化的主要原因。小流域综合治理措施与生态服务价值的PCA-RBF模型表明,网络平均预测精度为94.8%,可准确反映小流域治理措施对生态服务价值变化的影响。Taken Liangshan County,one of the key demonstration sites in the fifth initiative regarding soil and water conservation in upper Yangtze River as the study area,we analyzed the changes in ecosystem service values of Liangshan County,and developed comprehensive management practices and related models for assessing ecosystem service values in small watersheds,based on the published service values of Chinese terrestrial ecosystems and local grain yield and market price.The results showed that the land use type changed greatly from 1999 to 2003,as the areas of unused and cultivated lands decreased 36 038.67 hm2 and 5 498.50 hm2,and the areas of forest and pasture lands increased 35 614.30 hm2 and 5 889.53 hm2,respectively.Under the scenario that the proposed comprehensive management practices were carried out,the total ecosystem service value could increase from 1.37×109 to 1.85×109 Yuan.Except the value of food production decreased 3.31×105 Yuan,the other ecosystem service functions increased significantly but to various degrees.It was also found that only forest and pasture lands played positive roles in enhancing ecosystem service values,up to 89.4%.Their changes were the major reason for the increase of ecosystem service value.The average prediction accuracy of the principal component analysis（PCA）—radial basis function（RBF） model reached 94.8%,indicating that the model accurately reflected the influences of small watershed management measures on the ecosystem service values.

关 键 词：生态服务价值 主成分分析 径向基函数神经网络 小流域 综合治理 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]