锥形束CT评价慢性牙周炎患者牙槽骨缺损形态初探  

Evaluation of alveolar bone defect in chronic periodontitis by cone-beam computed tomography

作　　者：赵海礁[1] 王宏岩[1] 潘亚萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学口腔医学院牙周科,沈阳110002

出　　处：《中华口腔医学杂志》2013年第1期7-11,共5页Chinese Journal of Stomatology

基　　金：辽宁省科学技术计划重大、重点项目（2009412001-8）

摘　　要：目的应用锥形束cT观测并分析慢性牙周炎患者牙槽骨缺损的形态特点，探讨慢性牙周炎牙槽骨缺损的分布规律。方法采用单纯随机抽样法选取慢性牙周炎患者60例，对入选对象进行锥形束CT扫描并应用锥形束CT白带的NNT软件测量切牙区、尖牙区、前磨牙区及磨牙区牙齿（近中、远中、颊侧、舌侧4个位点）的平均牙槽骨缺损程度及缺损形式。结果75％（45／60）的慢性牙周炎患者牙槽骨缺损形式为广泛型，25％（15／60）的患者牙槽骨缺损形式为局限型；切牙区及尖牙区的下颌牙槽骨缺损程度均高于上颌相同位点；前磨牙区的下颌牙槽骨缺损程度低于上颌相同位点；下颌磨牙区的近中、远中及颊侧的牙槽骨缺损程度较上颌区域重，腭侧牙槽骨缺损程度低于上颌。结论慢性牙周炎患者牙槽骨缺损较重的部位位于上颌磨牙的腭侧及下颌切牙的舌侧，锥形束CT扫描有利于更好地了解慢性牙周炎牙槽骨缺损的形式，对慢性牙周炎的治疗和预后评估具有一定的临床指导意义。Objective To evaluate the morphological characteristics of alveolar bone defects of the patients with chronic periodontitis using cone-beam CT （CBCT）. Methods Sixty patients with chronic periodontitis were included in this study. CBCT was used to scan the alveolar bone and NNT software to measure the alveolar bone defects and bone loss types in different regions. Results Seventy-five percent （45/60） of the alveolar bone defect was the generalized type ,25% （ 15/60 ） was the localized type. In incisor and canine area, the defect of the mandibular alveolar bone was more severe than in the same sites of maxilla. There was less bone loss in the premolar area of mandible than in the same site of maxilla. In the mesial and buccal sites of mandibular molars and in the lingual site of maxillary molars, the most severe alveolar bone loss was found. Conclusions The obvious alveolar bone defect areas in chronic periodontitis were the palatal side of maxillary molars and the lingual side of mandibular incisors. CBCT can clearly demenstrate the degree of alveolar bone defects in different regions of chronic periodontitis.

关 键 词：牙槽骨质丢失 锥束计算机体层摄影术 慢性牙周炎 

分 类 号：R781.4[医药卫生—口腔医学] R816.98[医药卫生—临床医学]