马克思的“两类环境危机”思想--保罗·柏克特对历史唯物主义内在生态逻辑之揭示  

Marx's Thought of "Two Types of Environmental Crisis": Paul Burkett's Revealing of the Inner Ecological Logic in Historical Materialism

作　　者：孙晓艳[1] 李爱华[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学社会科学学院,上海201620 [2]上海工程技术大学高等职业技术学院,上海201620

出　　处：《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2013年第1期36-41,共6页Journal of Social Science of Hunan Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“北美生态马克思主义及其社会主义观研究”(11CKS022);2013年上海市教委科研创新项目(13YS099);2011年上海工程技术大学博士启动项目(A-0501-11-013)

摘　　要：生态批评家们普遍认为,马克思没有完整的生态危机理论,进而指责历史唯物主义缺乏内在的生态逻辑。柏克特认为,问题的关键在于,生态批评家们没有领会马克思的资本主义基本矛盾概念的生态维度,也不了解马克思区分的两类可持续发展观念——"资本主义的可持续发展"和"人类社会的可持续发展",以致他们的环境危机思想本质上仅局限于对资本积累的环境危机的探讨,缺乏对当代人类生存危机的深度理论分析和实际政治效应。柏克特对马克思"两类环境危机"——"资本积累的环境危机"和"人类社会发展的环境危机"——思想的阐发,表明马克思的生态危机或环境危机理论已经有了完整的轮廓,历史唯物主义具有内在的生态逻辑。Eco-critics generally think that Marx lacks a systematic theory on ecological crisis and hold that historical materialism lacks inner ecological logic. Burkett thinks that the point is that eco-critics do not apprehend the ecological dimension of Marx＇s concept of Basic Contradiction of Capitalism and do not understand the two types of ideas on sustainable development, i.e., sustainable development of capitalism and sustainable development of human society. Therefore, their ideas on environmental crisis are confined to an exploration of environmental crisis of capital accumulation and lack a deep theoretical analysis into the survival crisis of human kind and its actual political effect. Burkett＇s elucidation of Marx＇s thought of ＂two types of environmental crisis＂ demonstrates that Marx＇s theory on ecological srisis or environmental crisis has already had a complete outline and that historical materialism has its inner ecological logic.

关 键 词：历史唯物主义 资本主义基本矛盾 两类环境危机 两类可持续发展观 

分 类 号：B82-058[哲学宗教—伦理学] A811