Go/No-Go范式中非反应手状态对Simon效应性质的影响  

The Status of the Nonresponding Hand Affect Simon Effect in the Go/No-Go Task

作　　者：王力[1] 张栎文[1] 张明亮[1] 陈安涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学心理学院认知与人格教育部重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《心理科学》2013年第1期38-43,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170980)的资助

摘　　要：采用go/no-go范式改进的Simon任务来考察非反应手的状念对Simon效应性质的影响。结果发现:实验一要求非反应手放在除了反应键盘和桌面之外的任何位置,不会产生Simon效应;实验二要求非反应手放在桌面的固定位置,产生的Simon效应随反应时增大而减小,即视觉运动Simon效应;实验三要求非反应手放在固定的非反应键上,产生的Simon效应却随反应时增大而增大,即认知Simon效应。这说明非反应手状态能影响Simon效应的性质。The Simon effect arises if a spatial response feature is used to represent one or more responses in working memory. Previous studies have found that the go/no -go task, in which stimuli are the same as the standard Simon task, generates the Simon effect only when the participants use the spatial feature to represent response by referring to the location of the nonresponding hand. However, the participants can select flexibly the reference frame for action according to sensory context. Further, the reference frame determines whether spatial anatomical code or the cognitive spatial code is used to represent the one response in the go/no - go task. Thus, we believe that sensory context of the nonresponding hand may affect the nature of the Simon effect in the go/no - go task. If the spatial anatomical code is used to represent the response, then the visuomotor Simon effect may arise; if the cognitive spatial code is used, then the cognitive Simon effect may arise. To explore the hypothesis, we implemented three experiments. In the experiments, the stimuli were red or green squares presented in left or right physical locations. Participants were instructed to perform a spatial response to one color and refrain from responding to another color. But the status of the nonresponding hand were different. Specifically, in Experiment 1, the participants were only required to press one key by index finger of one hand and put the nonresponding hand on any place except the desk and keyboard ; in Experiment 2, the participants were asked to put their nonresponding hand on a fixed location of the desktop; in Experiment 3, the participants were instructed to put their nonresponding hand on a fixed key （ e. g. , if the response key was ＂Z＂ then put the nonresponding hand on ＂/＂, and vice versa）. Moreover, if the Simon effects was obtained in the experiments, we would further explore the different mechanism of Simon effect with reaction time （RT） distribution analysis. To that end, the correct RTs of each participa

关 键 词：SIMON效应 反应时分布分析 视觉运动Simon效应 认知Simon效应 

分 类 号：B841[哲学宗教—基础心理学]