碳纳米纤维/镍管复合材料的制备  

Preparation of carbon nanofiber/Nickel hollow fiber composite materials

作　　者：王传新[1] 谢秋实[1] 汪建华[1] 谢海鸥[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学湖北省等离子体化学与新材料重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《武汉工程大学学报》2013年第1期31-35,共5页Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(No.2011CB201600);湖北省自然科学基金(No.2007ABA006);湖北省教育厅重点项目(2007);国家科技部基础研究司;湖北省科技厅

摘　　要：采用化学镀法在化学纤维布表面覆盖均匀镍层,通过热处理去除基体后获得中空镍纤维管;将其置于化学气相沉积装置中,通过调整合适的氢气和甲烷流量比及气压条件制备了以中空微米镍纤维管为主体结构、碳纳米纤维(CNF)以及金属管体结构为存储介质的碳纳米纤维/镍管复合纤维材料.运用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析中空镍纤维及复合纤维管表面形貌,X射线衍射(XRD)对复合纤维管晶相组成进行表征.结果表明,利用模版法制备出的中空镍纤维管孔径在10μm左右,管壁厚约0.5μm;化学气相沉积制备过程中,当微波功率500W,氢气和甲烷流量比100∶6,气压4.0kPa,沉积时间5min时,复合纤维管外壁和端口内壁均匀沉积长径比较大且直径均匀分布的碳纳米纤维,碳纤维直径约50nm;复合纤维成分为碳纳米纤维、镍和三镍化磷合金相,其中碳纳米纤维表现为石墨相.表面覆盖有碳纳米纤维的镍管复合材料,增加了材料自身的吸附存储和导电性能,可应用于多相催化、电容存储和电极材料等领域.Uniform nickel layer on chemical fiber cloth was prepared by electroless Ni plating, hollow nickel micro-fiber was got by using heat treatment to eliminate fiber structure. Carbon nanofiber（CNF） were deposited on hollow nickel fiber at appropriate H2/CH4 ratio and temperature conditions in chemical vapor deposition device to gain the CNF/nickel composite fiber material, in which the hollow nickel fiber acting as major structure,CNF and nickel tube structure as storage reservoir. Morphology of hollow nickel fiber and composite fiber material were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, the structure of composite fibers were measured by X-ray diffraction. Results indicate that the diameter of hollow nickel fiber which was prepared by template method is about 10μm,thickness of tube fiber is about 0.5 μm;When the microwave power is 500 W, H2/CH4 ratio is 100/6, the pressure is 4.0 kPa and deposition time of 5 min at chemical vapor deposition process, carbon nanofibers which have large length-to-diameter ratio and uniform distribution diameters are uniform deposited outer and inner port of the hollow nickel fiber,the average diameter of fiber is about 50 nm. The composition of composite fibers includes CNF, Ni3 P,Nickel and the structure of carbon nanofiber is graphite phase. The composite material which is covered with carbon nanofiber improves the performance of own adsorption and conduction, can be used in heterogeneous,electrocatalysis,energy storage and electrode materials.

关 键 词：碳纳米纤维 镍纤维管 复合材料 化学气相沉积 

分 类 号：TM912.9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]