重载电力机车司机室声振特性分析  

Acoustic-Vibration Characteristics of Heavy Electric Locomotive Cab

作　　者：刘晓波[1] 刘剑[1] 

机构地区：[1]南车株洲电力机车有限公司技术中心,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《机车电传动》2013年第1期39-42,共4页Electric Drive for Locomotives

摘　　要：基于一重载电力机车司机室的详细结构有限元模型,对其结构模态进行了计算和分析,应用声学有限元法对室内空腔声学模态、轮轨垂向随机激励下的室内声压、室内测试场点处6.3～200 Hz频率范围内的声压频率响应进行了仿真计算。结果表明:司机室结构的局部模态频率比较密集,且主要在80 Hz以下的低频段;现有司机室空腔声学模态的零声压节线在较大范围内使人耳处于声压幅值较小的区域;在运行速度100 km/h,轮轨垂向随机激励下,空腔声学模态的节线位置发生了稍许偏移;阻尼和吸声材料使室内100～200 Hz频段内的噪声特性有明显的改善。Based on the detailed structural finite element model of a heavy electric locomotive cab, the natural frequency of cab structure was calculated and analyzed. The acoustic FEM was applied to simulate cavity acoustic modes, and sound pressure response of frequency range from 6.3 Hz to 200 Hz at sound field was given based on wheel-rail vertical random excitation. The results indicated that the natural frequency of cab structure was intensive, and mainly in low-frequency range below 80 Hz. For the present cab, zero-pressure section line of acoustic mode made driver＇s ears under a small region of sound pressure amplitude in a wide range. The zero-pressure section line was offset slightly by wheel-rail vertical random excitation at speed 100 km/h. The noise characteristics of frequency range from 100 Hz to 200 Hz in cab were significantly improved by damping and sound-absorbing material.

关 键 词：重载电力机车 司机室 声振特性 声学有限元 声振耦合 

分 类 号：U260.38[机械工程—车辆工程]