芡实机械脱壳中的摩擦特性试验研究  

Experimental study on friction characteristics of gorgon nuts(Euryale ferox) in mechanical shelling

作　　者：张琴[1,2] 丁为民[2] 邓丽君[2] 李毅念[2] 赵亚平[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州农业职业技术学院信息与机电工程系,苏州215008 [2]南京农业大学工学院,南京210031

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2013年第1期56-63,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划("863"计划)资助项目(2012AA101904);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(KYZ201161)

摘　　要：为给芡实脱壳后的分离工艺和机械设计提供相关的物料性能数据,利用剪切仪、自制的斜面仪、休止角测定装置等设备,对不同成熟度、不同粒径大小的芡实颗粒的内摩擦系数、静滚动稳定角、休止角等摩擦特性进行了测定。结果表明,芡实颗粒越小、成熟度越低、接触表面粗糙度越大,则颗粒之间的摩擦力越大、颗粒与接触材料的摩擦力越大,其内摩擦系数、静滚动稳定角、休止角越大;利用斜度14.7～21.5°的斜面仪能够分离出芡壳,但不能对芡仁和带壳芡实整粒进行有效分离;采用橡胶板分离芡壳、芡仁效果最好。研究结果可为芡实脱壳、分离等相关机械的研发提供参考。Gorgon nut is a local special agricultural and sideline product rich in nutrients and with high economic value. However, the lack of machinery related to production, processing of gorgon nut has seriously held back the development of the gorgon nut industry. Experimental study on gorgon nut friction characteristics can provide a theoretical basis for its peel, separation and other related machinery researches and development. Parameters like inner friction coefficient, static roll stable angle and angle of repose are measured on gorgon nuts with equipments including shear apparatus, self-made bevel instrument and angle of repose measuring device. Friction characteristics are analyzed on gorgon nuts of different maturity levels, particle diameters and surface roughness. It is demonstrated that, smaller particle diameter results in more particles per unit area of inner contact and thus larger mosaic force of engagement between the concave and convex surface of particles, which also leads to higher friction resistance and increased inner friction coefficient. It is also showed that, under the same measurement conditions, inner friction coefficient was decreased with the increase of maturity level of gorgon nuts. When measuring static roll stable angles using bevel instrument, put a single gorgon nut on the inclined plane, then turn the handle slowly to gradually increase the plane inclination. When the gorgon nut just starts to roll down, measure the inclination immediately using protractor instrument. The measured value is then used as the static roll stable angle. Static roll stable angles of gorgon shells are significantly bigger than gorgon jens and gorgon nuts with shell. But the difference is smaller between gorgon jens and gorgon nuts with shell （difference of 0.1°-2.4°for medium maturity gorgon nuts）. Gorgon shells can be separated from gorgon jens by bevel instrument with inclined plane of 14.7°-21.5°gradient, which cannot be used for efficient separation of gorgon nuts with shell and gorgon jens. I

关 键 词：摩擦 试验 农产品 芡实 内摩擦系数 静滚动稳定角 休止角 

分 类 号：TQ66[化学工程]