青藏铁路错那湖段风沙活动强度特征分析  

Wind-blown Sand Activity Intensity in Cuonahu Lake Section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway

作　　者：殷代英[1] 屈建军[1] 韩庆杰[1] 李毅[1] 安志山[1] 李建国[1] 谭立海[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研究站/甘肃省风沙灾害防治工程技术研究中心,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2013年第1期9-15,共7页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2012CB026105);国家自然科学基金项目(40930741;31000180);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-329);铁道部科技研究开发计划项目(2009G020-A)共同资助

摘　　要：输沙势和输沙量是反映风沙活动强度的两个重要指标。利用青藏高原错那湖2009年7月—2010年6月的风速资料,统计并计算起沙风频次和输沙势。分析结果表明,起沙风的月际变化比较明显,10月至翌年4月风向单一,以西风为主,约占全年起沙风的65%以上。从10月到翌年4月输沙势值较高,合成输沙方向以西风为主,方向变率指数在0.9以上,属于高比率。5月到9月输沙势值处于年内低峰,风向比较分散,方向变率指数由5月的0.61降到9月的0.36,属于中比率。年输沙势为491.12VU,属于高能环境(≥400VU)。年合成输沙势为445.44VU,年方向变率为0.91,属于高比率,合成输沙方向为262.54°。对8个方位月输沙量分析显示,月输沙量变化在10.5kg(7月)～119.7kg(11月)之间,各月输沙量随输沙势和平均风速的增加而增加,其转化关系可以用近似幂函数和线性函数表达。Sand drift potential（DP） and sand transport amount are two important indices to reflect wind-blown sand activity intensity.The recorded wind data in Cuonahu Lake section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway from July 2009 to June 2010 are used to analyze the characteristics of sand-moving wind and to calculate DP.Results reveal that the change of sand-moving wind is obvious in different months,and west wind is the main wind direction from October to April of the following year,which accounts for more than 65% of the sand-moving wind frequency.From October to April of the following year,DP is high and the resultant drift direction（RDD） is west wind,and the direction variability rate is above 0.9.From May to September,DP is low and wind directions are scattered,and the direction variability rate drops from 0.61 in May to 0.36 in September.The yearly drift potential in Cuonahu Lake is 491.12 VU,so it has high wind energy（≥400 VU）.The resultant drift potential is 445.44 VU and the yearly direction variability rate（RDP/DP） is 0.91 with RDD of 262.54°.The monthly sand transport amounts range from 10.5 kg in July to 119.7 kg in November.The monthly sand transport amount increases with DP and mean wind velocity,and there is a power function relationship between monthly sand transport amount and monthly drift potential,and there is a linear relationship between monthly sand transport amount and mean monthly wind velocity.

关 键 词：起沙风况 输沙势 输沙量 青藏高原 错那湖 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]