鄱阳湖地区复杂地表条件下一次强降水过程的近地面边界层特征  

Characteristics of surface layer during a heavy rainfall process over the complex surface of Poyang Lake

作　　者：傅敏宁[1,2] 郑有飞[1] 邓玮[2,3] 刘熙明[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,江苏南京210044 [2]江西省气象科学研究所,江西南昌330046 [3]萍乡市气象局,江西萍乡337000

出　　处：《大气科学学报》2013年第1期60-67,共8页Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40965001);江西省2009年度自然科学基金资助项目(2009GZH0051);中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室基金项目(2009LASW-A02)

摘　　要：使用鄱阳湖北部70m气象塔湍流和梯度观测数据,分析了2011年6月6日夜间一次暴雨过程中近地面边界层特征。结果表明,此次过程是在高空低槽和西南急流的天气背景下,受鄱阳湖复杂地表影响产生的局地性强降水。强降水发生前受东南暖平流影响,近地面边界层中水汽累积,不稳定性增加;强降水过程中,近地层感热、潜热通量迅速增加,同时,近地面层湍流动量通量下传和水平输送增加,鄱阳湖的水汽输送加强降水强度。另外,强降水过程中,近地面湍流动能迅速增大并达到最大值,而平均动能的增大发生在强降水结束后,表明地表作用明显,近地面边界层的湍流场为暴雨提供动力条件。尺度分析表明,强降水前,中尺度动量通量占主要地位,降水过程中湍流动量通量显著加强。The gradient and turbulent data observed by 70 m meteorological tower at the north part of Poyang Lake are employed to analyze the characteristics of surface layer of a heavy rain process on 6 June 2011. It is found that, under the weather background of upper trough and southwest jet, the heavy rain process is obviously affected by the complex surface of Poyang Lake. Before the precipitation hap- pens, affected by the warm southeast advection, the water vapor and instability increase. During the heavy rainfall process, the sensible and latent heat fluxes, and the horizontal and vertical turbulent mo- mentum fluxes increase rapidly, and the water vapor transport from Poyang Lake surface strengthens the rainfall. In addition, the turbulent kinetic energy increases rapidly and reaches a peak during the heavy rainfall, while the mean kinetic energy reaches a peak after the heavy rainfall process, showing that the local surface provides a dynamic effect on the heavy rainfall process. Dimensional analysis shows that the mesoscale momentum flux is larger than the turbulent momentum flux before the heavy rainfall, however, during the heavy rainfall process, the turbulent flux increases obviously.

关 键 词：鄱阳湖 强降水 近地面边界层 地表通量 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]