县域乡村发展类型划分与乡村性评价——以重庆三峡库区生态经济区为例  

Assessing the County's Rural Development Types and Their Rurality:a Case Study of the Three Gorges Eco-Economic Region in Chongqing

作　　者：李孝坤[1] 李忠峰[1] 翁才银[1] 王述维[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院,重庆400047

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第1期42-47,F0003,共7页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(No.11YJAZH049);国家自然科学基金项目(No.41101563);国家自然科学基金项目(No.41201133);资源环境与生态建设重庆市创新团队项目(No.2010);重庆市地理学重点学科项目(No.2011)

摘　　要：重庆三峡库区生态经济区乡村人口多、贫困人口多、贫困范围广,认识评价其乡村性,明确乡村发展方向,对于推进重庆市城乡统筹发展、新农村建设都具有现实意义。根据2010年《重庆统计年鉴》数据,选择各产业地区生产总值相对比重指标将重庆三峡库区生态经济区的县域划分为第一产业主导型、工矿业主导型、商旅服务型和均衡型等乡村发展类型;并以之为基础,选取城镇化率、农业劳动生产率、农地产出率、农业产值与非农业产值比、高速公路密度、广播电视覆盖率等指标评价判断各县域的乡村性。结果表明,同类及不同类乡村发展类型的县域之间的乡村发展水平差异明显,工矿业主导型乡村发展类型中乡村性弱的仅有3个区,乡村性显著的有2个区县;均衡型乡村发展类型中乡村性居中县域有4个,乡村性强和显著的也有4个县;第一产业主导型和商旅服务型乡村发展类型的县域乡村性强或显著,可见,重庆三峡库区生态经济区县域乡村性总体较强。最后,提出了县域经济发展的两大方向,一方面加大投入,强化基础设施建设、有序推进城镇化进程,不断提高乡村社会现代化水平和乡村文明水平;另一方面,因地制宜,走特色产业发展之路,使乡村和农民依靠自身拥有的资源要素增值致富,增强乡村持续发展能力。The eco-economic zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area in Chongqing is characterized by a large number of rural popu- lations, high proportions of the poor, and a wide range of poverty-stricken areas. Assessing the rurality and making the develop- ment direction clearer is helpful to promote the balancing urban-rural development and new countryside constructions. The data is collected from Chongqing Statistical Yearbook 2010. The relative proportion of the three industries in the GDP is used to categorize this eco-eeonomic zone into four rural development types, and they are agricultural-dominated, industrial and mineral- dominated, balanced and business, tourism and service-oriented. On this basis, the rurality of each country is assessed by the indicators of ur- banization, agricultural labor productivity, agricultural output growth, the ratio of agricultural to nomagricultural output, high- way density, radio and television coverage. It indicates that significant differences exist between similar and different rural develop- ment type. In the mining and industrial-oriented countries, there are only three districts which have weak rurality and two counties with significant rurality. And in the balanced counties, there are four counties with middle rurality, and another four counties with significant rurality. However, all the agricultural-dominated and business, tourism and service-oriented counties are significant. It is thus clear that the eco-economic zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir area in Chongqing is featured by high ruralities. In addition, this paper proposes two suggestions for the economy development of the eco-economic zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir area.. 1） to increase governmental investment, strengthen infrastructure constructions and promote orderly urbanization as to successively improve the rural modernization level; and 2） to develop distinctive industries according to local circumstances, acquire wealth rel- ying on their resources elements as to strengthen rural development sus

关 键 词：县域 乡村发展类型 乡村性 重庆三峡库区生态经济区 

分 类 号：X24[环境科学与工程—环境科学] F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]