珍珠岩配比基质结合浇灌营养液对番茄穴盘幼苗生长发育和根际环境的影响  

Effect of Perlite Substrates and Irrigating Nutrient Solution on the Growth and Development of Tomato Plug Seedlings and Root Environment

作　　者：米国全[1] 程志芳[1] 赵肖斌[1] 王晋华[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院园艺研究所,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2012年第12期114-116,122,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省重大科技攻关计划项目(122101110400);河南省科技成果转化计划项目(112201110005);河南省农业科学院专项基础性前瞻性项目(2011-196-44);河南省现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(S2010-03-G01)

摘　　要：以番茄品种中杂9号(晚熟品种)和中杂109(早熟品种)为试材,研究了珍珠岩+蛭石和草炭+蛭石(体积比均为2∶1)2种基质及其结合浇灌营养液对番茄穴盘幼苗生长发育、根际EC值和pH值的影响。结果表明,与基质草炭+蛭石相比,珍珠岩+蛭石营养条件较差,不利于番茄穴盘幼苗的生长。而珍珠岩+蛭石+营养液(ZZS)条件下培育的中杂109番茄穴盘幼苗壮苗指数(0.044 4)、G值(0.026 6)、花蕾长度(0.94cm)、叶片叶绿素含量(1.303mg/g),分别高出草炭+蛭石+营养液(CZS)培育的穴盘幼苗33.7%、35.0%、9.3%、2.0%,根际EC值(0.45mS/cm)和pH值(7.10)亦适合番茄幼苗生长。ZZS比CZS更有利于增加中杂9号和中杂109番茄幼苗的株高和茎粗。因此,以珍珠岩+蛭石(2∶1)基质配比结合浇灌营养液更有利于培育番茄穴盘壮苗。Two tomato varieties,Zhongza 9 and Zhongza 109 with late-maturing and early-matu- ring,respectively,were used to investigate the influence of two substrates （perlite＋ vermiculite, 2 ： 1;turf＋vermiculite, 2 ： 1）and irrigating nutrient solution on sound seedling index, G value, bud length,chlorophyll content and EC,pH under tomato plug technology. The results showed that perlite＋vermiculite （ZZB） had a poor nutritional condition and was not helpful to growth and development of the tomato plug seedlings compared to turf＋ vermiculite （CZB）. the sound seedling index （0. 044 4） ,G value （0. 026 6）, bud length（0.94 cm）, chlorophyll content（ 1. 303 mg/g） of Zhongza 109 tomato plug seedlings under the perlite＋vermiculite and irrigating nutrient solution （ZZS） were respectively 33.7 %, 35.0 %,9.3 %, 2.0% higher than those of Zhongza 109 tomato plug seedlings under the turf＋vermiculite and irrigating nutrient solution（CZS）. The plant height and stem diameter of tomato plug seedlings under perlite＋ vermiculite and irrigating nutrient solution were higher than those of tomato plug seedlings under turf＋vermiculite and irrigating. EC （0.45 mS/cm） and pH （7.10） of seedlings rhizosphere under ZZS were more suitable for the tomato plug seedlings growth and development compared with those under CZS. So perlite＋ vermiculite and irrigating nutrient solution were better for culturing the high-quality plug seedlings.

关 键 词：珍珠岩 番茄 穴盘苗 根际环境 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]